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Katie Science Tests > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following equals 0.01 g?

A

1 cg

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2
Q

What is the idea that the universe is lawful, orderly, and operates according to physical laws?

A

principle of causality

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3
Q

What is the force that propels an airplane forward?

A

thrust

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4
Q

What type of deformation is a combination of stretching and compressing?

A

bending

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5
Q

What idea explains that molecules of an object move faster as the object is heated?

A

kinetic theory

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6
Q

What is the energy of motion?

A

kinetic energy

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7
Q

What is the energy of visible light?

A

radiant energy

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8
Q

What fundamental force is an attractive force between two masses?

A

gravitational force

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9
Q

What fundamental force binds the subatomic particles in the nucleus together?

A

strong nuclear force

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10
Q

What device is designed to measure the change in heat in physical and chemical changes?

A

calorimeter

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11
Q

What device automatically regulates temperature?

A

thermostat

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12
Q

What is the most important component of a heat pump?

A

refrigerant

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13
Q

If the initial pressure of a gas is 100 kPa, what is the new pressure if the volume is doubled and the temperature is held constant?

A

50 kPa

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14
Q

What device uses a double-walled container and an insulating stopper to keep liquefied gases cold?

A

Dewar flask

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15
Q

What is defined as “the portion of the universe being studied”?

A

system

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16
Q

The transfer of thermal energy without matter is?

A

radiation

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17
Q

The coldest possible temperature is?

A

absolute zero

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18
Q

Scientist often express the laws of the universe as mathematical “sentences” called?

A

equations

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19
Q

The equation for gravitational potential energy is?

A

PE = mgh

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20
Q

The general term for any transfer of thermal energy is?

A

heat

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21
Q

Three factors that affect thermal energy are mass, state of matter, and ?

A

temperature

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22
Q

The factors that affect an object’s rotational kinetic energy are mass, rotational speed, size, and ?

A

shape

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23
Q

The amount of heat needed to cause a unit rise in temperature of a unit mass of a substance

A

specific heat

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24
Q

The amount of space matter takes up

A

volume

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25
Q

The amount of force per unit of area

A

pressure

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26
Q

The ration of the density of a substance to the density of a standard

A

specific gravity

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27
Q

The amount of heat needed to change an object’s temperature by a certain amount

A

heat capacity

28
Q

The amount of disorder in a system

A

entropy

29
Q

The ability to do work is energy

A

true

30
Q

How closely a measurement reflects the actual value is precision

A

accuracy

31
Q

Liquids that evaporate quickly are considered nonvolatile.

A

volatile

32
Q

Most nations measure temperature using the Fahrenheit scale.

A

Celsius

33
Q

A device used to measure altitude is an altimeter

A

true

34
Q

Motion in a circle centered on a point outside the object is circular motion.

A

true

35
Q

Because it does not cause a change in temperature, heat of vaporization is an example of unrecognized heat.

A

latent

36
Q

A theoretical device that would generate the maximum possible amount of work from a given amount of heat is an overbalanced wheel.

A

Carnot engine

37
Q

Potential energy caused by restorative forces is ? potential energy.

A

elastic

38
Q

Potential energy caused by two stationary charged objects is ? potential energy.

A

electric

39
Q

One-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane is?

A

osmosis

40
Q

The process in which heat is transferred by direct contact is?

A

conduction

41
Q

Using proper significant figures, (64.0 N/m)(2.406 m) = ?

A

154 N

42
Q

Extremely small particles that make up matter are called?

A

atoms

43
Q

The density of an object with a mass of 27 g and a volume of 9 cm3 is?

A

3 g/cm3

44
Q

The temperature at which the vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure is the ? point

A

boiling

45
Q

The SI unit of mass is the ?

A

kilogram

46
Q

The heat required to change a given mass of a solid into a liquid without changing its temperature is heat of?

A

fusion

47
Q

The law stating that temperature and pressure are directly related when volume is held constant is?

A

Amontons’s law

48
Q

The law that relates that force needed to deform a solid to the amount of deformation is?

A

Hooke’s law

49
Q

The kinetic energy of a 2.0 kg object moving at 3.0 m/s is?

A

9.0 J

50
Q

The idea that the lateral pressure of a moving fluid decreases at the fluid’s speed increases is?

A

Bernoulli’s principle

51
Q

What that is being cooled stops contracting at a temperature of?

A

4 degrees C

52
Q

Name the SI unit of energy

A

joule

53
Q

What are moving currents of fluid that transfer heat>

A

convection currents

54
Q

Which state of matter exists when temperatures are too high for matter to exist in its ordinary states?

A

plasma

55
Q

Name the orderly process by which scientists investigate the secrets of nature.

A

scientific method

56
Q

What scientific principle says that natural processes tend to go toward less usable energy and greater disorder?

A

second law of thermodynamics

57
Q

What is another name for the vacuum bottle?

A

Dewar flask

58
Q

Which law states that energy gained (or lost) by a system is equal to energy lost (or gained) by its surroundings?

A

first law of thermodynamics

59
Q

What form of motion involves a change in an object’s position?

A

translational motion

60
Q

What is the tendency of a solid object to float in a fluid?

A

buoyancy

61
Q

A gas changing directly into a solid

A

deposition

62
Q

A gas changing into a liquid

A

condensation

63
Q

A solid changing into a liquid

A

melting

64
Q

Internal evaporation in a liquid

A

boiling

65
Q

A liquid changing into a gas

A

evaporation

Katie Science Tests (11 decks)

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