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Katie Science Tests > Test 7 > Flashcards

Test 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the actual mechanical advantage of a machine that allows a man to life a 1000 N box with an input force of 250 N?

A

4

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2
Q

Isaac Newton published the laws of motion and universal gravitation in his book?

A

Principia

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3
Q

Physical quantities having both magnitude and direction are ? quantities.

A

vector

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4
Q

Physical quantities having magnitude but not direction are ? quantities.

A

scalar

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5
Q

In physics, any change in speed, direction, or both is?

A

acceleration

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6
Q

Which of the following is not a form of assistance provided by simple machines?

A

increasing the work done

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7
Q

The acceleration of gravity at the surface of the earth is?

A

9.81 m/s2

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8
Q

What is the average speed of a car that travels 500 km in 10 hr?

A

50 km/hr

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9
Q

The vector representing the change in an object’s position is?

A

displacement

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10
Q

A 1 kg brick and a 100 kg safe were both dropped from the top of a tall building at the same time. If air resistance is ignored, which of the following statements is true?

A

Both hit the ground at the same time.

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11
Q

The velocity at which the force of air resistance of a falling object equals the object’s weight is the ? velocity.

A

terminal

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12
Q

A “center-seeking” force that causes an object to travel in a curved path rather than in a straight line is ? force.

A

centripetal

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13
Q

The SI unit of power is the?

A

watt

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14
Q

Which of the following does not affect the force of friction?

A

area in contact

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15
Q

Under ideal conditions, a machine’s work output is ? its work input.

A

equal to

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16
Q

If a moving walkway is going west at 50 cm/s, what is the total velocity of a man on the walkway who walks east at 60 cm/s (relative to the walkway)?

A

10 cm/s east

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17
Q

The “quantity of motion” of an object, equal to the product of the object’s mass and velocity, is?

A

momentum

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18
Q

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

A

3rd law of motion

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19
Q

States the relationship between the hypotenuse and legs of a right triangle.

A

Pythagorean theorem

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20
Q

The velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force.

A

1st law of motion

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21
Q

Any two objects attract each other with a force that depends on their masses and the distance between them

A

law of universal gravitation

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22
Q

When the overall external force acting on a system is zero, the momentum of the whole system remains constant

A

law of conservation of momentum

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23
Q

What is defined as distance traveled in a given time?

A

speed

24
Q

Name the resistance arising to an object’s motion through a fluid or across a surface.

A

friction

25
Q

A man is attempting to push a mule into a fenced area. He exerts 225 N of force on the animal for 20 min., but the mule does not budge. How muck work has the man done?

A

none

26
Q

What term refers to a single vector showing the combined effect of two or more vectors?

A

resultant

27
Q

What term refers to the gravitational force exerted on an object near the surface of the earth or any celestial body?

A

gravity

28
Q

What is the SI unit of force?

A

newton

29
Q

What is the name for the distance between the ridges on a screw?

A

pitch

30
Q

What term refers to the branches of physics developed before the 20th century?

A

classical physics

31
Q

Combination of fixed and movable pulleys

A

block and tackle

32
Q

“circular lever”

A

wheel and axle

33
Q

Sloping surface that allows an object to be raised without lifting it straight up

A

inclined plane

34
Q

Special form of inclined plane that modifies force and directs it to the side

A

wedge

35
Q

Resembles an inclined plane wrapped around a rod

A

screw

36
Q

The rate of doing work is called time

A

power

37
Q

The branch of physics that deals with the effects of forces on matter is mechanics.

A

true

38
Q

A lever that has the input and output forces on either side of the fulcrum is a class 3 lever.

A

class 1

39
Q

A measure of how well a machine converts input work into output work is the machine’s IMA

A

efficiency

40
Q

Velocity is a vector quantity

A

true

41
Q

The thrust of a rocket is an example of the third law of motion

A

true

42
Q

The distance between a lever’s fulcrum and the input force is the length of the input distance.

A

input arm

43
Q

Two vectors that are either in the same direction or in opposite directions are collinear

A

true

44
Q

The type of friction that affects moving objects is static friction

A

kinetic

45
Q

free-fall distance

A

d = 1/2gt2

46
Q

Pythagorean theorem

A

a2 + b2 = c2

47
Q

Average speed

A

s = d/t

48
Q

Power

A

P = W/t

49
Q

Multiplication of force by a machine when friction is negligible

A

IMA = di/do

50
Q

Average velocity

A

v = trianglex/t

51
Q

Newton’s second law of motion

A

F = ma

52
Q

Law of universal gravitation

A

F = G(m1m2/d2)

53
Q

How much work does an elevator do in lifting a 600 N person 40 m?

A

Use W = Fd
F = lifting power
d = distance traveled

54
Q

What is the average acceleration of a car that accelerates from 10 m/s forward to 20 m/s forward in 5.0 s?

A

Use a = vf - vi/t
vf = increased forward
vi = first forward
t = time to move forward

55
Q

Which has more momentum: a 20,000 kg cement truck traveling at 5 m/s or a 1000 kg race car traveling at 90 m/s?

A

Use p = mv; use one for the truck and one for the car
m = weight of vehicle
v = how fast the vehicle was moving

Katie Science Tests (11 decks)

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