Test 5 Flashcards
What is menopause?
The cessation of monthly menstrual cycles in middle aged women
What is climacteric?
The years of middle or late adulthood which reproductive capacity declines or is lost (for men and women)
What are the stages of menopause?
- Premenopausal phase
- Perimenopausal phase
- Postmenopausal phase
What is the premenopausal phase?
Stage during which estrogen levels fall somewhat, menstrual periods are less regular, and anovulatory cycles begin to occur
What is the perimenopausal phase?
Stage which estrogen and progesterone levels are erratic, menstrual cycles may be very irregular, and women experience hot flashes
What is the postmenopausal phase?
Stage when a women have no menstrual periods for at least a year
What is osteoporosis?
Loss of bone mass with age, resulting in more brittle and porous bones
What is presbyopia?
Normal loss of visual acuity with aging, especially the ability to focus the eyes on near objects
What is presbycusis?
Normal loss of hearing with aging, especially high-frequency tones
What is Denney’s model of exercised and unexercised skills?
- Denney suggested that any measure of physical or cognitive functioning, age-related changes follow a typical curve.
- Unexercised abilities generally have a lower peak level of performance, exercised abilities generally have a higher peak.
What is generativity?
A sense one is making a valuable contribution to society by bringing up children or mentoring younger people in some way
What is a mid-life crisis?
An era when someone (particularly men) feels they have not accomplished enough and feel like it is their last chance at a fulfilled life.
What is role conflict?
Any situation in which two or more roles are at least partially incompatible, due to separate behaviours or separate demands
What is role strain?
The strain experienced by an individual whose own qualities or skills do not measure up to the demands of some roles
What is the sandwich generation?
A generation of people, typically in their thirties or forties, responsible for bringing up their own children and for the care of their aging parents.
What is empty nest syndrome?
It is the feeling of grief and loneliness parents or guardians may feel when their child leaves the home for the first time
What is caregiver burden?
A term for the cumulative negative effects of caring for an elderly or disabled person
What is caregiver burnout?
Lack of energy, exhaustion, and pessimism that results from chronic stress
What is gerontology?
The scientific study of aging
What is activities of daily living?
Self-help tasks such as bathing, dressing, and using the toilet
What is functional status?
A measure of individual’s ability to preform certain roles and tasks
What is the status of five senses in late adulthood?
Vision: presbyopia (farsightedness), decreased blood flow to eyes, enlarged blind spots, and pupil does mot widen or narrow as quickly
Hearing: presbycusis (hearing loss), Loss of ability to hear high frequency sounds, difficulties with word discrimination, and tinnitus
Taste: does not seem to decline over the years, but can secrete less saliva, and flavours might seem blander
Smell: loss of sensitivity declines, especially who worked in factories
Touch: sensitivity to touch can lead to significantly declines in the quality of life, the skin is less responsive to cold and heat
What is tinnitus?
A persistent ringing in the ears
What is hayflick limit?
The theoretical proposal that each species is subject to a genetically programmed time limit after which cells no longer have any capacity to replicate themselves accurately
What is telomere?
String of DNA at the tip of each chromosome in the body that appears to serve as a kind of timekeeping mechanism
What is senescence?
Physical changes and declines associated with aging
What is terminal drop?
Mental and physical functioning decline drastically only in a few years immediately preceding death
What is dementia?
A neurological disorder involving problems with memory and thinking that affect an individual’s emotional, social, and physical functioning
What is wisdom?
A hypothesized cognitive characteristics of older adults that includes accumulated knowledge and the ability to apply that knowledge to practical problems of living
What is reminiscence?
Reflecting on past experiences
What is Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development - Ego integrity versus despair stage?
When older adults must achieve a sense of satisfaction on their lives
What is the activity theory?
The idea that it is normal and healthy for older adults to try to remain as active as possible for as long as possible
What is the disengagement theory?
The theory that it is normal and healthy for older adults to scale down their social lives and to separate themselves from others to a certain degree
What is marital satisfaction in late adulthood?
Marriage tend to be less based on passion and mutual disclosure and more on loyalty, familiarity, and mutual investment in relationship
What is clinical death?
A period during which vital signs are absent but resuscitation is still possible
What is brain death?
Absence of vital signs, including brain activity; resuscitation is no longer possible
What is social death?
The point at which family members and medical personnel treat the deceased person as a corpse
Middle adulthood years are from age __ to __ ?
40 to 65
What is the instrumental activities of daily living?
More complex daily living tasks such as doing housework, cooking, and managing money
What are some major factors that interact to impact longevity?
- self rated health
- limitations on activities
- heredity
- health habits
How to achieve ego integrity?
The older adult must come to terms with who is she and has been, how her life has been lived, the choices she has made, and the opportunities gained and lost.
What are the components of successful aging?
- Health
- mental activity
- social engagement
- productivity
- life satisfaction
What are the factors that predict health and physical functioning across the lifespan?
No amount of optimism, willingness to rehabilitate, social support, and involvement intellectually
What are the five stages of death/grief?
- Denial
- anger
- bargaining
- depression
- acceptance
What is the nature of friendship in middle adulthood?
As couples get older, the number of friends the married couple shares increased and the number of non-shared friends decrease. As a result the social network tents to get tighter and more supportive.
What are the patterns of cognitive functioning in middle adulthood?
Some cognitive abilities improve, while others slow down a bit. Still, many adults have acquired large bodies of knowledge and skill that help them compensate for losses and solve problems.
