Test #5

Question 1

Basic principles of mental problems. Things we tend to overlook

Answer 1

1. Emotional injury is just as real as physical injury.

Question 2

The do’s and don’ts of restraining people with mental issues

Answer 2

1. Do not restrain a patient in a prone position.
2. Do not hog tie or bobble restraint a patient.
3. Restraining might require police authorization
4. Never leave patient alone
5. If no one can communicate with the patient and you believe that he might present a danger to himself, to you, to others, you must notify police

Question 3

Important questions to ask when dealing with a suicidal patient.

Answer 3

1. Are you having thought about killing yourself?
2. Do you have a plan or have you been planning to end your life. If so, how would you do it.
3. Do you have the drugs, gun, rope that you would use? Where is it right now?
4. How likely do you think you are to carry out your plan?

Question 4

When obtaining a mental status exam, what information can you get when a patient talks back to you?

Answer 4

When a patient talks back to you, you can listen to speech pattern for abnormalities, such as slurring, bizarre or incoherent responses or a combining of meaningless or unrelated words known as word salad.

Question 5

The different type of Of psychotic disorders. Which of these are really worrisome and which ones are not

Answer 5

1. Schizophrenia- A chronic mental illness with a patient does not return to his Premorbid Level of functioning. Patient will suffer from deliberating distortions of speech and thought, bizarre delusions, Hallucinations, social withdrawal

                                            WORRISOME 

2. Paranoia- A Highly exaggerated or unwanted mistrust or suspicious of others. Hey paranoid patient has persecutory delusion Or an intense belief that one is being plotted against, harmed, spied on, or followed. Use caution when assessing and managing paranoid patients As they can exhibit aggressive behavior.
3. Psychosis is any mental state in which the patient is out of touch with reality. The patient is living in his own world and often mistakes his reality for what is actually occurring. Psychosis can manifest through delusions, Hallucinations.

Question 6

What medical conditions can mimic a psychiatric condition?

Answer 6

Low blood sugar, hypoxia, head trauma, drugs or alcohol, overdose

Question 7

What are some of the features you look at when someone is going through a psychiatric issues

Answer 7

Unusual strength and endurance, tolerance of pain, agitation, hostility, bizarre behavior, unusual speech, hot and diaphoretic skin

Question 8

The formula for a vehicle collision

Answer 8

The bodies mass and the bodies velocity.

Kinetic energy = mass x velocity2 / 2

Question 9

The four phases of blast injuries

Answer 9

Primary phase- Due to the pressure wave of the blast.

Secondary phase- Due to flying debris is propelled by the force of the blast or blast wind. Most common are lacerations impaled object fractures and burns

Tertiary Phase- When the patient is thrown away from the blast.

Quaternary Phase- Injuries resulting from structural collapse and exposure to chemicals, toxins, bacteria, radiation.

Question 10

The best information you want to know when someone gets stabbed.

Answer 10

The length of the object use in the stabbing provides valuable clues.

Question 11

When are airbags most effective and when are they not effective?

Answer 11

Airbags are most effective when they are used with seatbelts. An airbag when used without lap and shoulder restraints can cause injury. He can deploy near the head neck or chest.

Question 12

Contusion

Answer 12

Bruise, Injury to the tissue and blood vessels contained within the dermis. This type of injury causes localized swelling and pain at the injury site

Question 13

Hematoma

Answer 13

Similar to a contusion, except it usually Involves damage to a larger blood vessel and the larger amount of tissue. It is Characterized by large lump with bluish discoloration cause by blood collecting under the skin.

Question 14

Abrasion

Answer 14

It is caused by scraping, rubbing, for shearing away of the epidermis Which is the most layer of the skin.

Question 15

Where are Occlusive dressings used?

Answer 15

Occlusive dressings creates an airtight seal for open abdominal, chest, and large neck injuries.

Question 16

What are the three layers of skin from outer to inner?

Answer 16

The epidermidis, the dermis, and the sub q.

Question 17

What is Evisceration? How do you deal with it?

Answer 17

It means abdominal organs protrude Through a wound. Do not touch the abdominal organs or try to replace the exposed organs. You need to cover the exposed organs using a sterile dressing.

Question 18

Priority when dealing with a puncture patient?

Answer 18

The entry wound can appear small and cause little bleeding however such injuries can be deep and damaging and cost severe internal bleeding. The overall severity of the injury depends on the location, the size of the penetrating object, the depth of the penetration, and the force involved. He can be difficult to determine the extent of an injury based on the external wound. This is why you need to expose the patient and carefully inspect all areas of the body so that potentially life threatening injuries are not missed.

Question 19

Why do you need to be careful with an abrasion?

Answer 19

Bleeding might not be significant or a serious life threat however contamination, infection and the potential of underlying injuries can be significant.

Question 20

How do you handle an amputation?

Answer 20

1. Remove any gross Contamination by flushing the part with sterile water.
2. Wrap the part in a dry sterile gauze dressing
3. Wrap or bag the amputated part in plastic
4. Keep the amputated part cool.

Question 21

What is an avulsion?

Answer 21

It is a loose flapper skin and underline soft tissue that has been torn loose or pulled completely off.

Question 22

What is the rule of nines?

Answer 22

Adult = 9 each upper extremity and head/neck; 18 each lower extremity and front chest and back

Child = 9 each upper extremity; 18 head and chest/back; 14 each lower extremity

Question 23

The number one priority when dealing with an electrical burn

Answer 23

The clothing can ignite resulting in flame burn so you need to remove it

Question 24

What are the three types of burns (depth)

Answer 24

Superficial or first-degree burns. Sometimes there is swelling and skin appears pink to red and dry.

Partial thickness burns or second degree burns. Skin is red and weeping and there is a small leak in capillary beds. In deep partial thickness burns skin is wet and waxy dry.

Full thickness burns or third-degree burns involves all the layers of the skin. The tough and literally dead soft tissue formed in the full thickness burn is called eschar. Most full thickness burns are not painful because nerve endings have been destroyed.

Question 25

Voluntary muscles and involuntary muscles

Answer 25

Voluntary muscles formed the major muscle mass of the body. Movements of the body are the result of work performed by these muscles.

Involuntary muscles are found in the walls of organs and help move food through the digestive system.

Question 26

Difference between a strain and a sprain?

Answer 26

A strain is an injury to a muscle or a muscle and a tendon possibly caused by over extension or overstretching.

Hey sprain is an injury to a joint capsule with damage or tearing of the connective tissue and usually involves ligaments.

Question 27

What are some complications of improper splinting

Answer 27

It can compress the nurse, tissues, and blood vessels under the sprint aggravating the existing injury and causing a new injury It can delay the transport of a patient who has a life-threatening injury
It can reduce distal circulation compromising the extremity
It can aggravate the bone or joint injury

Question 28

What are the layers of the meninges (DAP)

Answer 28

The outmost layer is the Dura matter

The next layer is the arachnoid

The last layer is the pia matter

DAP

Question 29

What is purposeful and nonpurposeful moving

Answer 29

Purposeable moving is when the patients try to move away from or to remove the pain.

Non-purposeful moving his win the patient reacts to the pain but not try to stop it.

Question 30

What are the signs and symptoms of spinal injury syndrome (3)

Answer 30

The central cord syndrome the patient might present with weakness or paralysis and loss of pain Sensation to the upper extremities. The middle portion of the spinal cord is injured.

The anterior cord injury result from injury of the sensory and motor tracks. The patient can present with loss of sensation to pain and loss of motor function below the side of the injury.

The brown sequard Affects differ on two sides of the body. The patient loses motor function and light touch sensation on one side and loses pain sensation on the opposite side.

Question 31

Orbital fracture

Answer 31

The signs and symptoms of orbital fracture’s include diplopia (double vision), Loss of sensation above the eyebrow over the cheek or in the upper lip nasal discharge.