Test #4 - level 3 defenses Flashcards
what cells are involved in level 3 defenses
T-lymphocytes & B-lymphocytes
what are the lymphatic organs
spleen and nodes
what does MALT consist of?
mucosal-associated lymphatic tissue
- tonsils
- adenoids
- preyer’s patches
- appendix
class 1 MHC
- found on
- function
found on: all nucleated cells
function: self-recognition for abnormal cells (puts up “flag” to say something is wrong & needs apoptosis
class 2 MHC
- found on:
- function:
found on: antigen-presenting cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, B-lymphocytes)
function: presenting antigen to immune cells
cell-mediated immunity
- first initiated (1-2 days)
- T-cell activation and cloning
- specific cytotoxic T-cells go throughout body
humoral (antibody-mediated immunity)
- delayed initiation (2-5days)
- B cell activation and cloning to plasma cells
- plasma cells release antibodies
- antibodies go throughout body
what cell releases antibodies
plasma cells
cytokines effects on APC and TcO
APC -> kill better/faster
TcO -> activates
The majority and minority of the clones from TcO cells are
majority -> Tc colones (Tcc) -> active now
minority -> Tm -> active later
after the 1st cell mediated attack/activation, Tm cells leave via ______ and go where?
leave via lymph vessels and lie dormant in the bloodstream or tissues
after the 1st cell mediated attack/activation, Th1 cells do?
they remain in lymph node to continue activation
once the threat is over, which cell-mediated immune cells die (short-lived) and which live forever?
die: cloned tc cells & Th1 cell
lives: memory T-cells
what happens in the 2nd exposure of cell-mediated immunity?
all of the previous steps that occured with the 1st exposure (1-2 days) then Tm cells are able to quickly activate Tc cells where they then release perforin and granzyme to kill the infected cell.
plasma cells begin producing antibodies _____ days in and produce _____ molecules per second
- 5 days
- 2000 molecules
