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Bio > Test 4 (gymno/angio Sperms > Flashcards

Test 4 (gymno/angio Sperms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gymnosperms are often refer to as “_____”

A

Naked seeds

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2
Q

Gymnosperms bear____

A

Seeds

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3
Q

Gymnosperms have ____ tissue

A

Vascular tissue

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4
Q

There are _____ species of gymnosperms

A

700-900

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5
Q

Gymnosperms have roots that extend over a ____

A

Wide surface area

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6
Q

Gymnosperms are dividded into 4 phyla and describe them

A

1.cycadophyta - • fleshy stems and leathery, feather like leaves, •have motile sperm that swim to the egg,
•can grow to 19m in height
2. Ginkgophyta-
•dioecious,
•have seperate male and female trees, fruit of female smell foul,
•leaves are fan shaped and thick with leatherly veins, have motile Sperm that swim to the egg in ovule
3. Gnetophyta-
•can be found as shrubs, vines ..etc,
•have sperm w no flagella that travel to the egg via pollen tube,
4. Coniferophyta-
•many are ever green and retain leaves in winter,
•can grow very large and to old ages,
•adapted to sever climate changes,
•leaves are covered with waxy cuticles and need shaped ,
•stomata are sunken below leaf,
•have sperm w no flagella that travel to egg via polling

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7
Q

Difference between gameophytes and sporophytes

A

Gameophytes- haploid plants that use mitosis to make haploid gametes
Sporophytes- diploid paint that uses mitosis To make diploid gametes

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8
Q

Gameophytes are ____ in size

A

Reduced

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9
Q

Swimming sperms are replaced with ____ (in conifers and gnetophyes)

A

Pollen

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10
Q

Gymnosperms ecological roles (3)

A

Help to maintain balanced levels of gases in the atmosphere

Act as food and shelter for other organism

Control flooding and erosion by absorbing rainwater they roots and holding soil in place

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11
Q

Economical roles of gymnosperms (4)

A

Provides 85% of all wood used in buildings and furniture

Pulp and paper industry

Used to varnish, disinfectant, paint and some soaps and purfume

Some types are edible

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12
Q

Pine reproduction ~ megaspores produce ___ which is

A

Archegonium (female sex organ) with egg

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13
Q

Pine reproduction ~ microspores are the ___

A

Pollen grains

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14
Q

Pine reproduction process ?

A

Pollen lands on female gametophte and forms a pollen tube to the archegonia and the egg thru which the sperm will travel zygote forms in the middle of female gameophytes which serves as its food

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15
Q

Angiosperms are the most ___

A

Widespread land plants

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16
Q

There are ___ own species of angiosperms

A

250,000-400,000

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17
Q

Angiosperms are ___ plants

A

Vascularized plants

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18
Q

Angiosperms have specialized_____ and____

A

Xylem and phloem

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19
Q

Angiosperms have a ____ male and female gametophyte (__ cells) for male and (__ cells) for female
Which decreases the time needed in which to ____

A

Reduced
(3 cells)
(2 cells)
Reproduce

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20
Q

Flowers are the reproductive organs of the ____

A

Angiosperms

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21
Q

Flowers arise most commonly from the ____ or ___ of a leaf

A

Shoot

Axil

22
Q

Flowers have ___ and ___

And describe the colours

A

Sepals - green , protects bud of flower as it grows

Petals- clouded and delicate structure that attracts pollinators by color scent and nectar

23
Q

Incomplete flowers are missing one or more of the four main parts of a flower which are…

A

Sepals
Petals
Stamen
Pistil

24
Q

Flowers ~ androecium are comprised of one or more whorls of ___

A

Stamen

25
Q

Flowers~ Androecium produces microspores in stamen which undergo meiosis to Produce ___ which covers the ___

A

Pollen

Anthers

26
Q

Make sure to study the parts of the flower

A

B

27
Q

Flowers ~ I Gynoecium are comprised of one or more ___

A

Pistil

28
Q

Flowers ~ pistils are made up on the ___ and ____

A

Stigma and style

29
Q

Flowers~ The stigma is the ___

A

Sticky tip

30
Q

Flowers~ double fertilization occurs in ____

A

Angiosperms

31
Q

Flowers~ endosperms are the highly ____ tissue that provides food for embryo

A

Nutritive

32
Q

Flowers ~ seeds are often ____ by _____ in angiosperms

A

Enclosed by fruits

33
Q

Give examples of Monocot and dicots

A

Monocots- grasses, tulips, lillies

Dicot- maple, oak, elm

34
Q

Monocots and dicot leaf veins are

A

Monocots- parallel

Dicot- networked

35
Q

of cotyledon in monocot and dicot is

A

Monocot- one, single

Dicot- two, double

36
Q

What are the vascular tissue of Monocot and dicot

A

Monocot - bundles

Dicot- rings

37
Q

Monocot and dicot roots are ___

A

Monocot- fibrous

Dicot- taproots

38
Q

Monocot and dicot t roots have __% of angiosperms

A

Monocot- 23%

Dicot - 75%

39
Q

Why are angiosperms more successful than gymnosperms in land environment (4)

A
  • seed more protected
  • herbaceous soft tissue bake to drive 1 to a few years
  • xylem cells more efficient
  • not reliant upon wind
40
Q

Flowers- ecological importance include

A

Food and habitat for wild life

Soil retention

41
Q

Stolin=
Pistil=
Vocab: female / male

A 
Stolin= male
Pistil= female
42
Q

Angiosperms are ____

A

Flowers

43
Q

Kingdom plantae consists of (5)

A

Green algae, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

44
Q

Seed coat forms around zygote to aid in ____

A

Dispersal

45
Q

The anther is the ___ part and it produces ____

A

Male part, produces pollen

46
Q

The stamen is the female or male part

A

Male

47
Q

The stamen includes the

A

Anther and filament

48
Q

Anther produces __

A

Pollen

49
Q

The pistil is made outta ___ (3)

A

Stigma, style, ovary

50
Q

The ovary will ripen into a ___

A

Fruit

51
Q

Androcium is the ___ of the flower

A

Stamen

Bio (18 decks)

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