Animals Test 5 Flashcards
Animals lack cell ____
Why?
Wall, cause they need to move around
Animals are autotrophs or heterotrophic
Heterotrophic
Cell specialization is ____… and give examples
How each specialized cell has a special shape, physical structure and internal composition to make it suited to its function examples include wbc, skin, Brian cells and hair cells
Division of labour
Definition :
To be efficient animals need to divide essential tasks between its specialized cells to survive
List the 5 ways animals feed
Herbivores (way plants)
Carnivores(day other animal)
Parasites( live and feed inside or attach to another organism *can cause disease or benefit the host)
Filter feeders
Detritus feeders (feed on rotting plants and animals (aka decomposers)
What is respiration
Process which takes in oxygen and produce co2
How do animals respiration
Small animals - can respire through their skin
Large animals- need lungs or gills working with internal transport systems to get o2 to all their cells
How do small animals aquatic animals excrete
Diffusion, to remove waste from tissue to surrounding environment
How to large animals excrete
Need specialized systems to remove these wastes from bodies
What does sessile mean
Live entire lives in one spot
What does motile mean
Ability to move around
Insects (Arthropoda( do not have an ________ they move with their ____
Interior Skelton, exterior Skelton
Do animals reproduce asexually or sexual
Both!
Direct development means that
Eggs hatch into miniature versions of the adult they grow larger but their general form does not change
Indirect development mean w
Eggs hatch into larvae, which look nothing like the adults but eventually they go thru metamorphis
Embryogenesis mean a
The process of how an embryo is formed and developed
Label the germ layers in order
Endoderm- - digestive systems
Mesoderm- muscular, skeletal, circulatory, reproductive system
Ectoderm- skin and nervous system
Radial symmetry
Examples : sea star, jelly fish, sea anemone
Animals with radial symmetry do not have real head
Many are sessile
Bilateral symmetry
More complex animals
Where one side is a reflection of the other
Anterior - front
Posterior- back
Dorsal - upper
Ventral- lower
Animals w bilateral symmetry move w anterior end
Small clusters of brain cells are called
Ganglia
Intvertebrates are animals without a _____
Backbone
Invertebrates make up __% is all animals
95%
The first evolved invertebrates are ____
Porifera
The phylum porifera is commonly reffered to as ____
Sponges
Porifera are sessile or motile
Sessile
The gender of porifera is usually____
hermaphrodites where Individuals function as female and male (produces both egg and sperm)
Porifera are mostly _____ symmetrical while some exhibit _____
Asymmetric while some exhibit radial symmetry
In the phylum Porifera there are ______ feeders
Suspensions/filter feeders
Porifera do not possses a ____
Body cavity
Porifera do not have any true ____
Body system
Porifera have __ cells
Specialized cells
Poriferas can have ____ relationships with ____ and ___
Symbiotic relationship with Bacteria and plant like protists
There are three classes of Porifera
- Class calcarea
- Class hexactinellida
- Class demospongiae
Class demospongiae holds ___% of all sponges
90%
Class hezactinellida refers to ____ sponges they are made outta ___
Coral sponges, silicone
Class calcarea is entirely ____
Marine
Class calcarea has ____ skeleton
CaCO3 skeleton
Phylum Cnidaria
• acoelomates means
No body cavity or complex organ systems
Phylum Cnidaria has 2 germ layers those are ..
Ectoderm (for protection and movement ) and endoderm
Phylum Cnidaria can reproduce ____ or ___ by
Sexually or asexually by budding
Phylum Cnidaria are motile or sessile
Both!
There are 2 body types within 4 classes
Phylum Cnidaria
True
Phylum Cnidaria body types are
Describe and provide examples along with its movement and reproduction
- Polyps - sessile , tentacles face up, asexual reproduction. Examples: sea anemones, coral , hydra
- Medusa - motile, tentacles face down , sexual reproduction, examples: jellyfish, sea wasp
The 4 main class of Cnidaria are
Cubozoa, scyphozoa, Anthozoa, hydrozoa
Phylum Cnidaria
The inner cavity is responsible for ———- and the he body systems aren’t ____ or ____
Digestion, circulation , respiration and excretion and they body systems aren’t separated of specialized
_____ in between 2 germ layers which allow for ____ and ____ to all cells
Phylum Cnidaria
Mesoglea , allow for diffusion if nutrients and o2 to all cells
Phylum Cnidaria
Nematocysts are mostly commonly located at the end of
Tentacles
Phylum Cnidaria
Nematocysts are composed of special cells call
Cnidocysts
Cnidocysts produce ____
Phylum Cnidaria
Toxin
Sea anemones are part of the class \_\_\_\_
Phylum Cnidaria
Class Anthozoa
Jelly fish go thru both ___ and __ stage in development
Polyp and a medusa stage
Top of polyp buds off to become the ____
Medusa
Polyps can reproduce
Asexually
The ___ will produce eggs and sperm
Medusa
The eggs from Medusa will be fertilized by another Medusa and develop into new ___
Polyp
Corals will die if temp to water ___
Increases
If corals die the ___ they support soon will follow
Ecosystem
Cnidaria form ___ relationships with other ocean lives
Symbiotic relationship
What causes coral Bleachig (4)
Change in room temp
Runoff and pollution
Over exposure to sunlight
Extreme low tide when coral is exposed to air
mollusk are second only to ____ in number of living animals species
Arthropods
Mollusk have a true
Coelum
Mollusk have a ___ way digestive systems
One way
______ have a closes circulatory system
Cephalopods
Parasite can cause disease but ———-
Sometimes benefit the host
Hemoglobin uses ____ to carry____
Iron, oxygen
Give examples for ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
Ectoderm- tooth enamel
Endoderm- urinary bladder and pancreas
Mesoderm- heart and blood cells
Label each by front back upper and lower
Anterior, ventral, dorsal, posterior
Anterior Posterior Dorsal Ventral (APDV)
Apple pie done visciously
Animals with bilateral symmetry move with their ____ end ____
Anterior, foaward
Cephalization means
The organs to gather at the anterior end of the animal
Cephalization become more apparent as animals become more ___
Complex
The Brain responds to ____ in the environment
Stimuli
Small clusters of nerve cells are called
Ganglia
If the small cluster of ganglia become large enough it becomes a
Brain
As animals become more complex they have more ___ of nerve cells
Clusters
Invertebrates are animals without a
Backbone
Poriferas are anchored to the ____ as an adult
Ocean floor
Poriferas are ____\____ feeders
Suspensions/filter
Process are the earliest ____ life
Multicellular life
