Test 4-chapters 11,12

Question 1

Brain stem consist of

Answer 1

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

Question 2

Medulla oblongata

Answer 2

Contains all the ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts from spinal cord

-there is a major crossing over of 90% of motor fibers

Question 3

3 functions of nervous system

Answer 3

1- sensory input (afferent)

2- integration (association- makes decision)

3- motor output (efferent goes out) carries out the decision

Question 4

Central nervous system consists of
And makes up how much of nervous tissue

Answer 4

Brain and spinal cord

98% of nervous tissue

Question 5

Peripheral nervous system consists of

Makes up how much nervous tissue

Answer 5

Consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Makes up 2% of nervous tissue

Question 6

Peripheral nervous system has two divisions

Answer 6

Sensory division and motor division

Question 7

Motor division of the peripheral NS has two sub divisions they are

Answer 7

Autonomic nervous system AND

Somatic nervous system

Question 8

Autonomic nervous system controls what

Answer 8

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle and
Glands

Question 9

Somatic nervous system controls

Answer 9

Skeletal muscles

Question 10

Autonomic nervous system has 3 divisions

Answer 10

1- sympathetic nervous system
2-parasympathetic nervous system
3- Enteric division

Question 11

Sympathetic N.S. Is

Answer 11

Controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

It’s the fight or flight

3R’s= fight, flight, freeze

Question 12

Parasympathetic N.S is

Answer 12

Controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

3R’s= rest , relax, repair

Question 13

Glial cells in the central nervous system are

Answer 13

1- astrocytes -
2-microglial cells
3- ependymal cells
4- oligodenrocyte

Question 14

Astrocyte is

Answer 14

Neurons body guard

anchor neurons & blood vesses, formin blood brain barrier between blood and neuron

Question 15

Reticular formation responsible for

Answer 15

ALERTNESS, ability to focus and pay attention

Question 16

Reticular formation

rAS=

Answer 16

the ascending parts of the reticular formation can respond to most sensory stimuli, but NOT smell (smoke inhalation)

Question 17

Cerebellum responsible for

Answer 17

Coordinating muscle activity, motor balance posture and more (sensory)

*makes things actually happen, carries out motor decision

Question 18

Cerebellum is __% brain mass and
___ neurons

Answer 18

10% brain mass
50% neurons

Question 19

Thalamus

Answer 19

Directs incoming sensory information to where it needs to go

-Medial geniculate (auditory)
lateral geniculate (visual)
Dorsal tier (pain)

-*Sensory localization takes place in the cerebral cortex

Question 20

Epithalamus is

Answer 20

Pineal gland located here

-pineal gland releases hormone melatonin

Darker=more melatonin
Lighter = less melatonin

Question 21

Hypothalamus controls-

Works as a ..

Function-

Answer 21

Nuclei control and autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system

works as your blood “taster’”, controls temp., some pleasure centers are here

Decides what hormone and how much of the hormone to use

Question 22

The limbic system is known as

Answer 22

Called the “emotional brain”… involved in pain, pleasure, anger etc. and some memory

amygdala= rage and fear

hippocampus - maybe a little mitosis here, works in learning and memory

Question 23

Hippocampus function is

Answer 23

Learning and memory

Question 24

Association tracts

Answer 24

connect different areas in the same hemisphere

Question 25

Commissural tracts

Answer 25

connect the two hemispheres

Question 26

Projection tracts

Answer 26

connect cerebrum to other parts of the CNS (brain)

Question 27

Prefrontal cortex is

-if destroyed-

Answer 27

Intellect, complex learning, planning, judgement, concern, personality

destroy this Portion → can’t really learn, Poor judgement, lack Personalty etc.

Question 28

Premotor area is

Answer 28

very large region: Skilled motor behaviors (Central Pattern Generators are here)

“Muscle memory”

Question 29

Primary Motor area

Answer 29

straightforward conscious control of skeletal muscles

(Not engrams)

Question 30

Sensory Cortex areas

Answer 30

Experience senses

Question 31

Sensory Association areas

Answer 31

“decide” what your senses are

If destroyed = can see but not sure what your lookin at