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Appreciation of Music > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Mass entertainment types in 19th century

A

the circus, vaudeville, minstrel

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2
Q

How did WC Handy compose ST Louis Blues

A

After hearing the blues being sung by by someone in a train station

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3
Q

Bessie Smith

A

star singer of race records

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4
Q

What happened to European art music in the 19th century

A

symphonic music became more complex, tonality is broken up, reconfigured, abandoned

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5
Q

What did the invention of the microphone allow for

A

crooning

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6
Q

S Wonderful by Frank Sinatra is an example of

A

Tin Pan alley song

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7
Q

When did the radio become famous

A

1920’s-record industry suffered

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8
Q

The swing era

A

playing more syncopated songs for dancing, was the “psychological rescue” from the great depression

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9
Q

Key features of Swing- Boogie Woogie

A

rhythmic, using left hand walking bass, 12 bar blues

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10
Q

hillbilly music

A

Earliest form of country (blue yodel)

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11
Q

Rural blues

A

Piedmont, texas, delta- Robert Johnson (delta) “crossroad blues”

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12
Q

Musicians strike of 1942-44

A

union musicians not allowed to record (protest against low royalty payments)

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13
Q

Post war changes to race records and hillbilly

A

race records= R and B

hillbilly = country and western

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14
Q

What year did rock and roll emerge?

A

1955

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15
Q

First movie to feature rock and roll

A

Blackboard Jungle

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16
Q

“Rock around the clock”

A

Tin pan alley, was in Blackboard jungle, was controversial

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17
Q

Sun Records

A

Sam Phillips- recorded R and B artists and country, wanted to merge the two- Elvis Presley

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18
Q

Elvis Presley first song

A

Thats alright mama

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19
Q

What is a crossover?

A

When a song goes on more than one billboard

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20
Q

How were the most famous rock and roll songs released?

A

As independent labels

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21
Q

Jerry lee Lewis

A

Sun records- rockabilly style

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22
Q

“tutti frutti” by little richard

A

first hit single for little Richard, 12 bar blues, suggestive of sex

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23
Q

Why was rock and roll considered a threat?

A

people thought it would weaken the west, had a bad influence on teens

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24
Q

“maybellene” by Chuck Berry

A

His first big hit, merges R&B with country, 12 bar blues, cover song?

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25
Q

“Peggy sue” by Buddy Holly

A

only famous for short time, 12 bar blues, hiccup vocal

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26
Q

When was the death of rock and roll

A

1959

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27
Q

Classic jazz

A

Traditional and swing

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28
Q

modern jazz

A

bebop and other versions

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29
Q

Swing jazz key componants

A

music for dancing and entertainment

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30
Q

bebop jazz key componants

A

music for listening/ art music

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31
Q

How did bebop develop

A

from after hour jam sessions

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32
Q

Charlie Parker

A

Co founder of bebop, was a saxophonist who came from swing bands

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33
Q

“Koko” by Charlie parker

A

32 bar blues, based on swing called “Cherokee”

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34
Q

Dizzy gillespie

A

co founder of bebop, trumpet, wanted to bring bebop back to entertainment

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35
Q

“Manteca” by Dizzy Gillespie

A

example of latin jazz

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36
Q

Thelonious Monk

A

pianist and modern jazz composer, co founder of bebop

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37
Q

What is the main modern jazz composition

A

32 bar form

38
Q

Cool jazz

A

relaxed, complex (like bebop)

39
Q

Who developed cool jazz?

A

Miles Davis

40
Q

Hard bop/ soul jazz

A

blended soul and gospel, attempt to make jazz danceable again (against bebop and cool jazz)

41
Q

Modal jazz (miles Davis again)

A

simple chord progression = more freedom for improv, abandons conventional harmony

42
Q

Avant Garde Jazz

A

No AABA form, abandons normal structure

43
Q

Beatles start

A

copied the great rock and rollers, working class boys,

44
Q

The Beatles first era

A

couldn’t hear the music in concert, lots of touring and performing

45
Q

Beatles second era

A

began to represent counter culture, no more live performances, only studio recordings

46
Q

rock counterculture

A

values and norms differ from mainstream society

47
Q

Bob dylan

A

Started as protest folk singer, then switched to rock, represented the counter culture

48
Q

“Like a rolling stone” Bob Dylan

A

example of folk rock using electric instruments, became anthem of the counterculture

49
Q

Bands that came to the US after the Beatles

A

Dave Clark Five, Rolling Stones, The Kinks, The Who

50
Q

The Rolling Stones

A

middle class, were marketed as raunchy, kept rock simple

51
Q

Break through hit for the stones

A

I can’t get no satisfaction, rock song with guitar riff

52
Q

The Beach Boys

A

California, sophisticated harmonies, competed with Beatles

53
Q

Key feature of “God Only Knows”

A

Ambiguous tonality

54
Q

Psychedelic Rock

A

drugs and counterculture, experiments with music

55
Q

Example of psychedelic rock and inspiration

A

“white rabbit” Jefferson airplane, inspired by miles Davis modal jazz and Spanish rhythms

56
Q

The Who

A

Part of the second British Invasion, famous for destroying instruments

57
Q

Intertxtuality/ code switching

A

alternating between to languages,

58
Q

What was music like by the end of the 1960’s?

A

rock was art music, albums became dominant, long songs instead of short, Rock concerts became tribal gatherings

59
Q

Late 60’s rock

A

marketed to young whites, large festivals

60
Q

Late 60’s jazz

A

marketed to affluent whites (art music), started to decrease in popularity

61
Q

Late 60’s R&B

A

Marketed to blacks

62
Q

Late 60’s country

A

marketed to rural whites

63
Q

1960’s Af Am Art

A

Free (Avant garde) jazz- abandons normal structure, not very popular in the 60’s

64
Q

1960’S AF AM entertainment

A

Soul music- combined blues, gospel and jazz

65
Q

James Brown

A

popular soul singer for black audiences in the late 60’s

66
Q

Sly and the family stone- type of music

A

soul merged with rock = funk

67
Q

Miles Davis

A

explored avant garde jazz, then merged jazz and rock = fusion jazz

68
Q

Fusion Jazz

A

mix of jazz and rock, rejects tin pan alley standards- “Bitches Brew” Miles Davis

69
Q

Listening example for Funk

A

Superstition, appealed to both black and whites

70
Q

Progressive rock (early 1970’s)

A

art rock for middle class youth, greater virtuosity

71
Q

What happened in the late 70’s?

A

Music went from complex back to simple (dance music)

72
Q

Beginning of disco

A

started as independent labels, dance music of cultural outsiders (gays, blacks)

73
Q

The disco craze

A

marketed to mainstream audiences by large labels (Saturday night fever)

74
Q

1970’s rock- art

A

Hard rock and progressive rock

75
Q

1970’s rock- entertainment

A

Punk rock and new wave- high energy, simpler forms

76
Q

The sex pistols

A

UK funk revolt

77
Q

Punk

A

Fast tempo, loud, simple, short songs

78
Q

What did the Naughty Women do (late 70’s)

A

combined glam rock with punk rock = glam punk

79
Q

Bob Marley

A

Raggae- fighting racism

80
Q

First music video broadcast by MTV

A

Video killed the radio star

81
Q

Michael Jackson

A

king of cross over (and pop), helped integrate MTV

82
Q

Rap

A

vocal style focused on spoken lyrics

83
Q

Hip Hop

A

expressive form featuring rap, dancing, ghetto

84
Q

The break (hip hop)

A

playing the most dancable part of the record

85
Q

First rap song to go mainstream

A

Rapper’s Delight by the Sugarhill gang

86
Q

“The message” by Grandmaster flash

A

first rap hit to address urban realities

87
Q

Crossover in hip hop

A

“walk this way” with Run DMC and Aerosmith

88
Q

Late 80’s/90’s rap

A

social message of rap intensifies, East coast vs west coast rivalry

89
Q

Grunge

A

Nirvana- part of alternative rock movement, punk + alternative rock

90
Q

Radiohead

A

British art rock in 90’s

Appreciation of Music (4 decks)

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