Test 4

Question 1

IPM is more difficult with ornamentals because…

Answer 1

• more hosts
• more pests

Question 2

if you know ____, you can ID pest on ornamentals

Answer 2

• plant
• damage

Question 3

symptoms:

Answer 3

what is caused by insect feeding

Question 4

signs:

Answer 4

evidence of insect on plant

ex. cast skin, wounds, mucus material

Question 5

must know ___ and ___ in area for IPM

Answer 5

• key plants
• key pests

Question 6

biggest thing is to ___

Answer 6

Monitor

Question 7

many species have ___

Answer 7

multiple insecticide resistances

Question 8

insects with chewing mouth parts:

Answer 8

• defoliators
• skeletonizers
• shot holers
• notchers
• borers
• leaf rollers
• leaf crumplers
• leaf miners

Question 9

insects with piercing and sucking mouthparts:

Answer 9

• cause water and nutrient stress
• cause cupping
• leaf curl and twist
• can inject toxin that is translocated

Question 10

insects that make galls:

Answer 10

• saliva changes growth pattern of plant
• grows up and surrounds insect
• gall acts as nutrient sink
• have characteristic shapes (know plant and gall shape plus where it is on plant to ID pest)

Question 11

there has become more of an emphasis on…

Answer 11

microbial and botanical insecticides

Question 12

with microbial and botanical insecticides vs synthetic insecticides

Answer 12

leaf buds and flower buds are susceptible to burning with synthetics

Question 13

__ and __ do not burn

Answer 13

microbial and botanical insecticides

Question 14

Botanical insecticides:

Answer 14

• deteriorate with UV light
• act rapidly and quick knock-down
• strong antifeedants
• organic/natural/safe to mamals
• low phytotoxicity (no plant burn)

Question 15

pyrethrum =

Answer 15

• botanical insecticide
• extract of dried flower head of chrysanthemums
• 6 pyrethrins in crystals (each has insecticide activity)
• works on nervous system
• antifeedant
• low mammal toxicity
• cats are effected by it

Question 16

buy pyrethrum with ___

Answer 16

PBO (piperonyl butoxide)

Question 17

PBO =

Answer 17

piperonyl butoxide

• cynergist that increases toxicity
• use less with better coverage

Question 18

Rotenone =

Answer 18

• buy with PBO
• anti-feedant
• inhibits cellular respiration
• highest mammalian toxicity of botanicals but still relatively low

Question 19

2 forms of rotenone

Answer 19

• dried root of the deeris plant
• extract

Question 20

neem =

Answer 20

• long used in orient (leaves for deworming mammals)
• extremely fast anti-feedant
• lowers egg production
• bio-neem and aza-neem

Question 21

insecticidal soaps

Answer 21

• potassium or sodium salts of fatty acids
• Safer Sope or M-Pede
• gets on epicutical and into respiratory system

Question 22

2 types of oils

Answer 22

• light horticultural oils
• heavy horticultural oils

used to control fungal pathogens as well

Question 23

microbials

Answer 23

B.t.- effective on soft bodied insects but require the right cry

B.p. - causes milky white disease and good for establishment in soil for white grub control

Beauvaria Bassianna- fungus for control of molecrickets and billbugs (must have hot and humid environment)

Question 24

pheremones

Answer 24

• many companies push these
• only used in very small area
• very expensive
• tells when certain pest is active in an area
• can detect “exotic” pests