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Positive Psych > Test #4 > Flashcards

Test #4 Flashcards

1
Q

oftentimes individuals are objectively successful according to what other might find important, but they lack a sense of life meaning, leaving a feeling of emptiness labeled ___.

A

Existential vacuum

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2
Q

___ uses humor to counteract anxiety.

A

Paradoxical intention

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3
Q

According to logotherapy, meaning___.

A

may reduce despair in severe circumstances

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4
Q

Signature character-strength interventions did not have a significant impact on negative affect in the meta analysis.

A

TRUE

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5
Q

In the video on using character strengths in the classroom, the teacher attempted to get all the kids to choose or own a character strength during the school year.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

Signature character strength interventions had a significant impact on increases in use of strengths, with a collective effect size indicating a medium overall effect.

A

TRUE

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7
Q

Results of the Chase and colleagues 2013 study found that goal setting alone had no positive impact of academic performance.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

Results of the Chase and colleagues 2013 study found that participants in the goal setting plus values intervention significantly increase their GPA compared with the goal setting only and waitlist conditions.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Setting a goal that you don’t care about at this point in time goes against which of a SMART goal?

A

relevant

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10
Q

According to Dr. Harris, we should not make goals to change how we feel.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

___ is a technique whereby a therapist asks questions of clients to facilitate internal exploration to discover personal life meanings, to explore how these can be actualized, and to foster recognition of choices toward these ends are always available.

A

Socratic dialogue

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12
Q

Who developed logotherapy?

A

Viktor Frankl

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13
Q

In the video on using strengths in the classroom, the teacher taught the children character strengths by ___.

A

reading stories focused on character strengths

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14
Q

According to the meta analysis, character strengths intervention had a significant impact on decreasing depression, with an aggregated effect size indicating a large overall effect.

A

FALSE

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15
Q

All of the following are common features of signature strength EXCEPT

A
  • they are essential to who someone is as a person
    *they are all acceptance based
  • they are effortless and natural
  • they are energizing
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16
Q

In terms of goals, what does the acronym SMART stand for?

A

Specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, timely

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17
Q

To be supportive of your family is a goal.

A

FALSE

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18
Q

Regarding challenge in goal setting, it is best to set easier rather than challenging goals so we have mini successes that will help motivate us.

A

FALSE

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19
Q

Logotherapy

A

the first therapy to focus on meaning and values

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20
Q

Man’s search for meaning

A

reduce despair in severe circumstances by incorporating personal meaning through attitudes, experiences, and behaviors

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21
Q

Fundamental Tenants

A
  1. tri-dimensional ontology
  2. human life has meaning
  3. humans beings long to experience their own sense of personal meaning
  4. Human beings have the potential to experience life meaning under all circumstances
    5.Opportunities to respond (in action or attitude) exist throughout an individual’s life
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22
Q

Tri-dimensional ontology

A

The conceptualization of human being along 3 overlapping dimensions: physical, psychological, and spiritual
- humans don’t have to function in the third dimension

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23
Q

Existenial vacuum

A

Feeling of emptiness when someone may be seen as successful according to what others find important but the persona still lacks a sense of life meaning

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24
Q

Dimensions of human being- Physiological

A
  • physical suffer
  • reduce despair in this unavoidable suffering
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25
Dimensions of human being- Psychological
- difficultly with thoughts and feelings - examples of techniques
26
Dimensions of human being- Spiritual
- people feel bored or pathetic - just going through the motions - feels empty
27
Logotherapeutic strategies- Roles of the therapist
- Regarding clients as fellow human beings - Emphasizing their uniqueness - Teaching that they have some freedom to respond to their situations or problems - Demonstrating various techniques and how they can be applied
28
Logotherapeutic strategies- the client
- is active - responsible to alter maladaptive patterns and to actualize personal life meanings
29
Phases of logotherapy
1. Differentiation of the clients from their symptoms 2. Attitude modification about the symptoms 3. Symptom Reduction 4. Maintenance of mental health
30
4. Maintenance of mental health
- Future orientation -Facilitation of continued awareness of personal life meaning and related goals
31
3. Symptom Reduction
-Often happens automatically following successful completion of modification of attitudes -Also can include coping skills, self efficacy techniques
32
2. Attitude modification about the symptoms
Shift from over focus on symptoms toward awareness of remaining options that are in keeping with what the individual perceives as his or her personal life meaning, in spite of symptoms
33
1. Differentiation of the clients from their symptoms
-Clients are more than clusters of their symptoms -Human beings with the ability to overcome obstacles and experience personal life meaning
34
Attitudinal modification
using socratic dialogue
35
Paradoxical intention
request things in life that we fear the most
36
Dereflection
focus on their problem that it makes it worse
37
Logo analysis
individuals that lack of sense of personal life meaning
38
Values
what matter to you most? -What qualities would you like to have in your career? - values assessment
39
Interest
what do you enjoy doing? -Identifying your interests often helps focus you on what ideas and pursuits keep you engaged, an important element in satisfying work - past experience
40
Skills
what are you good at? - Knowing what skills you possess, enjoy, and excel at can help you find occupations that align with your strengths
41
the stages of change model
can exit and re-enter at any stage 1. precontemplation 2. contemplation 3. determination 4. action 5. relapse 6. maintenance
42
Transtheoretical
-Looked at the experiences of smokers who quit on their own - Assumption that people do not change behaviors quickly and decisively - Change happens continuously through cyclical process
43
Motivational interviewing
pre-contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance
44
Pre-contemplation
members in this stage are not even thinking about making a change - Gather history and listen for any discrepancies between the member’s stated goals and their lifestyle choice -Educate about health related risk to lifestyle choices - instill hope
45
Contemplation
members are beginning to consider making a change, but are not yet ready to make a commitment
46
Preparation
members in this stage are preparing for action to change in the foreesable future
47
Action
members in this stage are actively implementing a plan for change
48
Maintenance
members in this strange are maintaining healthy lifestyle changes they have made
49
SMART goals
specific measurable attainable relevant timely
50
Specific
who what where when which
51
Measurable
establish concrete criteria for measuring progress towards your goal - how much, many
52
Attainable
do not set them too far out of reach
53
Relevant
does it seem worthwhile
54
Timely
a goal should be grounded within a time frame
55
Challenge formula
no matter difficult the situations, we have choices 1. leave 2. Stay and live by your values- doe whatever you can to improve your situation, make room for the pain that goes with it, and treat yourself kindly 3. stay- but do things that either make no difference or make it worse
56
HARD barriers
H- hooked A- avoiding discomfort R- remoteness of values D- doubtful goal
57
Difficult decisions and dilemmas
step 1- acknowledge you have a dilemma Step 2- common sense steps- costs, benefits, and more information Step 3- no perfect solution Step 4- there is no way not to choose Step 5- acknowledge today’s choice Step 6- take a stand Step 7- make time to reflect Step 8- name the story Step 9- open up and make room Step 10- self compassion
58
Bad habits
months of repeated practice that become second nature
59
Set Short Term Goals
What small things can I do over the next few days and weeks that are consistent with my value?
60
Set medium range goals
What larger challenges can I set for the next few weeks and months that will take me in a values direction?
61
Set long term goals
What major challenges can I set for the next few years, which will take me in my valued direction?
62
7 Rs
reminders records rewards routines relationships reflecting restructuring
63
Committed action- ACT process
1. Choose a domain of your life that is high priority for change 2. Chose what values you wish to pursue in this domain 3. Develop SMART goals that are guided by those values 4. Take action mindfully
64
Overarching principles of ACT
1. Be present- focus your attention on what is important and engage in what you do 2. Open up- unhook from your thoughts and feelings; allow them to be as they are and let them freely flow through you 3. Do what matters- act effectively, guided by your values
65
Signature strengths
- are the strongest or most prominent strengths in your profile - matter the most to you; more central to your identity
66
3 key features of signature strengths
essential effortless energizing
67
Essential
feels essential to who you are as a person
68
Effortless
when you enact the strength you feel natural and effortless
69
Energizing
using the strength uplifts you and leaves you feeling happy, in balance, and ready to take on more
70
Components of strength interventions
1. Complete self report measure on character strengths 2. Provide feedback on their signature strengths 3. Ask them to use these strengths for at least a week in their daily lives
71
Strength based counseling model
seligman and csikzentmihalyi - at risk youth
72
Strength based model
Brings us to the strength perspective - Humans have a self righting tendency that allows children from adverse circumstance to move towards adult development - Emphasizes assets rather than deficits - All youth have strengths
73
Strength Based model- core concepts
1. Strengths are culture bound 2. Strengths are contextually based 3. Strengths are developmental and lifespan oriented 4. Adaptable and functional 5. Normative quality and enabling environments 6. Assumes that race, class, and gender are organizing elements in every counseling interaction
74
Stages of strength based counseling
1. Creating the therapeutic alliance 2. Identify strengths 3. Assessing presenting problems 4. Encouraging and instilling hope 5. Framing solutions 6. Building strengths and competence 7. empowering 8. changing 9. building resilience 10. evaluating and terminating

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