test 3 week 7 #2 Flashcards
esophageal atresia
esophagus doesnt develop and not connected to stomach. s/s are inability to swallow, cyanosis, coughing, choking, vomit, rr distress
omphalocele
opening at umbilical cord where abd contents protrude. developmental defect. common in teen and AMA pregnancy. causes more abnormalities like heart, gi, clefts, GU, polyhydramnios, SGA, PPHN
omphalocele assessment and tx
assess during 1st tri, serum afp elevated, increased nuchal translucency, genetic screening, NST/BPP. tx with surgery, IV, NG for decompress, sterile dressing, placed on left side
gastroschisis
herniation of bowel near umbilicus with no overlay. common in teen pregnancy, smoking, immune response, chemical exposure. can lead to surgery complications like sbo, sepsis, malnutrition, adhesions
meningocele
spina bifida, skin covers spinal defect, meninges protrude, nervous system intact. surgery needed
myelomeningocele
meninges and nerve protrude, causes damage, fecal and urinary incontinence. chiari 2 malformation is brain tissue extends into spine. common to have abortion, surgery in utero.
selecting a method for family planning
think about current and future needs, costs and convenience
natural methods
rhythm method timing sex. look at s/s, track cycles, temperature dips before ovulation and spikes after, withdrawal
barrier methods
condoms protect from STI, internal condom for female, diaphragm no protection from sti, contraceptive sponge infused with spermicide, cervical cap with spermicide, spermicide cream can cause uti
short acting hormonal method
progestin only: pill to decrease cervical mucus, suppress ovulation and thin uterine lining, hormonal implant, DMPA injection, and hormonal IUC.
estrogen-progesterone option: suppress LH which suppresses ovulation, COC, patch, ring, can tx PCOS, acne, heavy bleeding, migraines, fibroids, VTE, cancer.
long acting contraception
injection - depo provera, q3mo, suppresses FHS and LH. insert in arm for 3-5yrs, changes mucus and fallopian tube motility. IUD/IUC inserted in uterus either copper or progesterone covered.
emergency contraception
for after sex to prevent pregnancy, morning after pill, occasional intervention
sterilization
bilateral tube ligation - cut, remove, or suture fallopian tube, permanent
vasectomy - remove part of ductus deferens
