Test 3 Vocab Flashcards
Ibex
A wild goat with long, thick ridged horns and a beard
Megalith
Monumental stone architecture
Civilizations
Social, economic, and political entities distinguished by their ability to express themselves through images and written languages
Mesopotamian
Egyptian
Indian and Chinese river valleys
Polytheistic
Believe in more than one god
Canon of proportions
A rule of proportion employed for representations of the ideal, like pharaohs
Ka
The part of the human being that defines personality and survives on earth after that
Mesoamerica
Mexico and Central America prior to European contact
Olmec people
Southern Mexico
buildings on earthen platforms and pyramidal mounds monumental scale to protect ceremonial centers from flood
Minoan people
Early Aegean culture to inhabit the island of Crete in the Mediterranean
Greek civilization
Interest in human behavior and human form
Concept of democracy
Cities
Triumphal arch
Roman arches design for triumphant armies to march through
Barrel vault
Continuous series of arches, one lined up behind the other
Stupa
Burial mound
Mohenjo Daro
Indus River valley
2600 BC
City in Indus River valley
Public and with your bathing, sophisticated drainage system, fired durable bricks
Trefoil
Three petal design
Drapery carving
Reveals and conceals the body
Acropolis
Top of the city
Parthenon is central building
Elevated site demonstrates power of human engineering
Ambulatory
A covered, circular, colonnaded walkway
Pendentive
Curved triangular section of masonry hemisphere, four of which provide the transition from the vertical sides of a building to a covering dome
Byzantine
Refers to Christianity in the eastern Roman Empire; present day Istanbul was the capital Byzantium
Mosaic
Small pieces of stone, glass, or tile arranged in a pattern or image
Mosque
Place of prostration
Contain hypostyle space, open courtyard, covered porches
Hypostyle space
Covered porches featuring many columns
Easy to expand architectural design seamlessly
Calligraphy
The art of handwriting
Prominent in Islamic art
Qibla
The wall of a mosque that is oriented in the direction of Mecca, contains the mihrab
Mihrab
Niche commemorating the spot at Medina where Muhammad planted his lance to indicate the direction people should pray
Romanesque
1050
Dominant in Europe
Easily recognizable geometric masses
Tympanum
Semicircular arch above the lintel over a door
Gothic
verticality, stained glass
Dominant in Europe from 12th to 15th centuries
Verticality symbolic of the ethereal and heavenly
Churches flooded with light - stained glass
Garbhabriha
Womb chamber
Symbolic sacred cavern at the heart of the temple
Scarification
Decorative effects made by scarring the body
Tesserae
Small stones that make up mosaics
Renaissance
Period in Europe form 14th to 16th centuries
Revival of interest in the arts and sciences
Humanism
Belief in the unique value and capacity of human beings to act individually and collectively in meaningful ways
Contrapposto
Self admiring
Pose of body in which hips and legs oppose shoulders and chest
Naturalistic representation of body at rest with potential for movement
Neoplatonic thought
Contemplating beauty can transform love in a corrupt soul to spiritual love
Baroque
Dominant in Europe in 17th century
Theatrical of dramatic use of light and color, ornate forms, disregard for classical principles of composition
Romanticism
Reality is a function of an individuals point of view- artist must reveal that reality
Unified by philosophical affirmation rather than formal principles
Odalisque
Female slave or concubine in a Turkish harem
Sublime
Awe inspiring sights that the human mind struggles to comprehend
Realism
Desire to describe world exactly as it is
Arose in context of war in France and invention of photography
Not an idealized or imaginative version of events
Impressionist
Goal to communicate scenes with spontaneous feeling
Cubism
Style of art noted for geometric forms, fragmentation of object, increasing abstraction
Collage
Work made by pasting various scraps of material onto surface of composition
Dada
Annihilation of tradition, no sense of hope
Senselessness noise and illogic
Insult and outrage
Anti art
Readymade
Mass produced object isolated from intended use and elevated to the status of art simply because the artist declares it
Surrealism
Style of art emphasized dream imagery, chance operations, and rapid thoughtless forms of notation that expressed the unconscious mind
Kachina
Figurines representing Pueblo spirits who inhabit the clouds rain crops and animals
