Test 3 section 2 Flashcards
one stoma, two openings
transverse colon
loop colostomies
tow stomas
double barrel
one stoma from proximal bowel
Distal bowel removed or sewn closed (hartmann’s pouch)
End
Concern for welfare and well-being of others
Altruism
right to self-determination
autonomy
Respect for inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations
Human dignity
Acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice
integrity
Acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status, ethnicity, age, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation
Social justice
Process of becoming more conscious of and naming what we value or consider important
Values clarification
water that contains dissolved or suspend substances such as glucose, mineral salts, and proteins
Fluid
fluid amount
volume
fluid concentration
osmolality
fluids within the cells
intracellular
are the fluids between cells and outside the blood vessels
interstitial fluid
is blood plasma found in the vascular system
intravascular fluid
are secreted by epithelial cells and include cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal, and synovial fluids
transcellular fluid
fluid outside of the cells
extracellular fluid
substances whose molecules dissociate into ions when placed in water
electrolytes
Cation and anion of ICF
K+
PO4-3
cation and anion of ECF
Na+
Cl-
movement of molecules from high to low concentration
simple diffusion
uses carrier(protein) to move molecules
facilitated diffusion
Process in which molecules move against concentration gradient
EX. sodium-potassium pump
Active transport
movement of water against concentration gradient
osmosis
moves fluid between vascular and interstitial compartments
capillary filtration
Fluid balance consists of
Fluid intake and absorption
Fluid distribution
Fluid output
movement of fluid among its various compartments
fluid distribution
type of spacing that is normal distribution
forst spacing
type of spacing that is abnormal (edema)
second spacing
type of spacing that is fluid accumulation in part of the body where it is not easily exchanged with ECF
third spacing
reflects water and electrolyte loss from the bodes ECF compartment
FVD
fluid volume deficit
3 types of dehydration
Isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic
changes in total body water are accompanied by proportional changes in electrolytes
isotonic dehydration
primarily an extracellular fluid loss that requires fluid replacement
isotonic fluid loss
Increased water loss compared to solute creating fluid volume deficit and a relative solute excess
hypertonic dehydration
occurs when wither sodium loss exceeds water loss or when sodium concentrations are diluted by excessive total body water
hypotonic dehydration
measures the kidneys ability to concentrate or dilute urine in relation to plasma
specific gravity
normal range for specify gravity
1.020-1.030 g/dL
Fluid and solute are gained or retained in proportional amounts
Fluid volume excess
FVE
more flui dis gained than solute, creating an excess and relative deficit of sodium
hypotonic fluid excess
Water intoxication
normal calcium level
8.6-10.2
normal phosphate level
2.7-4.5
normal magnesium level
1.5-2.5
interfamilial systems if support and structure that may extend beyond the walls of the household
family durability
ability to cope with expected and unexpected stressors
family resiliency
surgical placement of a catheter throughout the abdominal wall above the symphysis pubis and into the urinary bladder
suprapubic catheterization
inflammation of renal parenchyma and collecting system
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the bladder
cystitis
inflammation of the urethra
urethritis
waking up two or more times at night to void
nocturia
loss of urine during sleep
nocturnal enuresis
also called painful bladder disease
interstitial cystitis
infantile oro uninhibited voiding
urge to void causes urin to flow
uninhibited bladder
interruption in the lateral spinal tracts
sensory bladder
most common neurogenic bladder
motor
cannot perceive bladder fullness
Cannot start and maintain urination
autonomous
transection of the spinal cord above the sacral segments
reflex
