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Adult health care > Test 2 section 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Grieft that helps accept the reality of death

Revealed in positive memories and seeing some good from the death

A

adaptive grief

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2
Q

prolonged grief disorder

Denial od the loss for longer than 6 months

A

Dysfunctional Grief

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3
Q

are the written documents of those wishes and the designated spokesperson

A

advanced directives

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4
Q

is a process that involves having patients think through, talk about, and document their values and goals for treatment

A

advance care planning

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5
Q

patients and families have the right to decide whether CPR will be used

A

resuscitation

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6
Q

is the deliberate act of hastening death

A

Euthanasia

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7
Q

The effort required to expand and contract the lungs

A

Work of breathing

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8
Q

Chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep them form collapsing

A

surfactant

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9
Q

collapse of the alveoli that prevents the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

atelectasis

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10
Q

the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs

A

ventilation

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11
Q

exchange go respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries

A

Diffusion

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12
Q

the ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs

A

perfusion

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13
Q

ventilation in excess of that required to eliminate carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism

A

hyperventilation

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14
Q

alveolar ventilation inadequate to meet the body oxygen demand or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide

A

hypoventilation

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15
Q

inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level

A

hypoxia

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16
Q

blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

A

cyanosis

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17
Q

chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways

A

asthma

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18
Q

a type of COPD involving permanent damage to the alveoli in the lungs
Irreversible

A

Emphysema

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19
Q

the inability to cope with perceived demands or threats to ones mental,emotional,and spiritual well-being

A

stress

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20
Q

resourcefulness,flexible, and having good problem-solving skills

A

resilience

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21
Q

courage and motivation to turn potential disaster into opportunities for personal growth

A

Hardiness

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22
Q

helps prevent disease and prolonged life

A

attitude

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23
Q

helps avoid illness and increases speed of recovery

A

optimism

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24
Q

contains the reticular activating system to send alertness impulses to limbic system and cerebral cortex

A

reticular formation

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25
Q

Central to connection between nervous and endocrine systems

Regulates the function of sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system

A

hypothalamus

26
Q

stimulates adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine
Flight or fight response

A

sympathetic nervous response

27
Q

increase cardiac output, blood glucose levels, oxygen consumption, and metabolic rate

A

corticosteroids

28
Q

interdisciplinary science involving the interactions among psychological, neurological, and immune responses

A

psychoneuroimmunology

29
Q

a persons cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external or internal stressors that seem to exceed available resources

A

coping

30
Q

risk factors for infants, toddlers, school aged

A

lead

choking

31
Q

risk factors for adolescents

A

automobile accidents

substance abuse

32
Q

risk factors for school aged child

A

outdoor activities

33
Q

risk factors for adults

A

lifestyle

Ex. smoking, drinking, hazardous work

34
Q

are physical or chemical devices to restrict a patients movement

A

restraints

35
Q

track a variety of evidence-based, scientifically-researched standards of care which have been shown to result in improved clinical outcomes for patients

A

core measures

36
Q

unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

A

pain

37
Q

physiological process that communicates tissue damage to the CNS

A

nociception

38
Q

noxious stimuli causes cell damage with the release of sensitizing chemicals
These substances activate nociceptors and lead to generation of action potential

A

transduction

39
Q

Action potential continues from
Site of injury to spinal cord
Spinal cord to brainstem and thalamus
Thalamus to cortex for processing

A

Transmission

40
Q

conscious experience of pain

A

perception

41
Q

neurons originating in the brainstem descend to the spinal cord and release substance that inhibits nociceptive impulses

A

modulation

42
Q

send sharp, localized, distinct sensation

A

fast myelinated A-delta fibers

43
Q

send poorly localized, burning, persistent pain

A

slow, small, unmyelinated C fibers

44
Q

superficial or deep
Localized
Arises from bone, joint, muscle, skin, or connective tissue

A

somatic pain

45
Q

Tumor involvement or obstruction

Arises from internal organs such as the intestine and bladder

A

Visceral pain

46
Q

Sudden onset
Less than 3 months
Mild to sever

A

acute pain

47
Q

Persistent pain
Gradual or sudden onset
Longer than 3 months
Cause may be unknown

A

chronic pain

48
Q

3 categories of medications for pain

A

Nonopiod
opioid
Adjuvant

49
Q

increasing dose above upper limits produces no greater analgesia

A

analgesic ceiling

50
Q

potent, no analgesic ceiling, and have several routes for administration
Often combined with nonopiod analgesic for relief of moderate pain

A

Pure agonists

51
Q

Less respiratory depression
Have an analgesic ceiling
CAn precipitate withdrawal

A

Mixed agonists-antagonists

52
Q

common side effects of opioids

A 
Constipation
N/V
Sedation
Respiratory depression
Pruritus
53
Q

Dose adjustment based on assessment of analgesic effect versus side effects
Use the smallest dose to provide effective pain control with fewest side effects

A

Titration

54
Q

Dose of one analgesic that is approximately equivalent in pain-releveing effects compared with another analgesic
Helps guide dosing when changing routes or when a drug is ineffective or causes intolerable side effects

A

equianalgesic dosing

55
Q

route of choice with functioning GI tract

A

Oral

56
Q

Delivery to vascular mucosa, avoiding first-pass effect

A

Intranasal

57
Q

Useful in case of severe nausea or vomiting

A

rectal

58
Q

For ever pain unresponsive to other therapy

Destroy nerves to stop transmission

A

Neuroablative

59
Q

Electrical stimulation of brain and spinal cord

Commonly used of chronic back pain

A

Neuroaugmentation

60
Q

3 types of cognitive therapies

A

Distraction
Hypnosis
Relaxation

61
Q

occurs when patients exhibit behaviors commonly associated with addiction, but the behaviors resolve with adequate of the patients pain

A

pseudoaddiction

Adult health care (7 decks)

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