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Physics > Test 3: Review B > Flashcards

Test 3: Review B Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following are electrically neutral?
A) electron
B) ion
C) neutron
D) proton
E) none of these

A

C) neutron

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2
Q

Which of the following statements is true?
A) A large atom can be photographed with the aid of an ordinary microscope.
B) An atom is the smallest particle known to exist.
C) There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances.
D) There are thousands of different kinds of atoms that account for a wide variety of substances.
E) None of these statements are true.

A

C) There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances.

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2
Q

What makes an element distinct?
A) the number of neutrons
B) the number of electrons
C) the number of protons
D) the total mass of all the particles
E) none of these

A

C) the number of protons

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3
Q

In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of
A) quarks.
B) orbital electrons.
C) neutrons.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A

B) orbital electrons.

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3
Q

A molecule has
A) structure.
B) mass.
C) energy.
D) all of these

A

D) all of these

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4
Q

Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids do not fall through one another is because
A) of nuclear forces.
B) of gravitational forces.
C) of electrical forces.
D) atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero.
E) none of these

A

C) of electrical forces.

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5
Q

In our part of the universe, antimatter is
A) plentiful.
B) short-lived.
C) non-existent.
D) long-lived.

A

B) short-lived.

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6
Q

Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in
A) the Earth.
B) the mother’s womb.
C) the food the mother eats before giving birth.
D) ancient stars.
E) none of these

A

D) ancient stars.

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7
Q

If a gram of antimatter meets a kilogram of matter, the amount of mass to survive is
A) 1 kilogram.
B) 1 gram.
C) 999 grams.
D) 1.1 kilogram.

A

C) 999 grams.

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8
Q

Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons?
A) iron
B) uranium
C) carbon
D) helium
E) gold

A

B) uranium

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9
Q

Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is
A) the same.
B) less.
C) slightly more.
D) much more.

A

A) the same.

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10
Q

Which has the greater density, a lake full of water or a cup full of lake water?
A) the cup full of lake water
B) the lake full of lake water
C) Both have the same density.
D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the size of the lake.

A

C) Both have the same density.

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11
Q

If the mass of an object were to double while its volume remains the same, its density would
A) double.
B) stay the same.
C) halve.
D) become four times as great.

A

A) double.

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12
Q

Compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is
A) the same.
B) more.
C) less.

A

C) less.

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13
Q

Stone slabs are stronger under
A) tension.
B) compression.
C) same strength.

A

B) compression.

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14
Q

A wooden block has a mass of 1000 kg and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block’s density?
A) 100 kg per cubic meter
B) 1000 kg per cubic meter
C) 200 kg per cubic meter
D) 500 kg per cubic meter
E) none of these

A

D) 500 kg per cubic meter

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15
Q

An iron block is placed in a furnace where it is heated and consequently expands. In the expanded condition, its density
A) is the same.
B) is less.
C) is more.

A

B) is less.

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16
Q

A strong spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended weight. If the weight is doubled, the spring will stretch
A) no more.
B) another 10 cm, making the total stretch 20 cm.
C) another 30 cm, making the total stretch 40 cm.
D) another 5 cm, making the total stretch 15 cm.
E) more than another 30 cm.

A

B) another 10 cm, making the total stretch 20 cm.

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17
Q

Which potatoes when peeled produce the most peelings?
A) 10 kg of large potatoes
B) 10 kg of small potatoes
C) They both produce the same amount.

A

B) 10 kg of small potatoes

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18
Q

Doubling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by
A) 4 and its volume by 8.
B) 8 and its volume by 16.
C) 2 and its volume by 4.
D) none of these

A

A) 4 and its volume by 8.

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19
Q

Which cooks faster in boiling oil?
A) a whole potato.
B) a sliced potato.
C) Both cook the same.

A

B) a sliced potato.

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20
Q

If a pencil’s length and diameter are both multiplied by 10, then its volume is multiplied by
A) 1000.
B) 100.
C) 10,000.
D) 10.

A

A) 1000.

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20
Q

If you make cupcakes and bake them as directed for a cake, you will find the cupcakes
A) underbaked.
B) properly baked.
C) overbaked.

A

C) overbaked.

21
Q

Water pressure is greatest against the
A) top of a submerged object.
B) sides of a submerged object.
C) bottom of a submerged object.
D) is the same against all surfaces
E) none of these

A

C) bottom of a submerged object.

22
Q

The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid
A) depth.
B) density.
C) both
D) neither of these

A

C) both

23
Q

Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats. Its density is
A) equal to the density of water.
B) less than the density of water.
C) more than the density of water.

A

B) less than the density of water.

24
Q

Compared to the density of water, the density of a fish is
A) less.
B) more.
C) the same.

A

C) the same.

25
Q

What is the buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean?
A) less than 10 tons
B) more than 10 tons
C) 10 tons
D) depends on density of sea water

A

C) 10 tons

26
Q

The reason a life jacket helps you float is
A) if you sink, the jacket sinks.
B) the jacket makes you weigh less.
C) the jacket has the same density as an average human.
D) the jacket repels water.
E) the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone.

A

E) the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone.

27
Q

Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. The density of a lobster is
A) greater than the density of sea water.
B) less than the density of sea water.
C) equal to the density of sea water.

A

A) greater than the density of sea water.

28
Q

A rock suspended by a string weighs 5 N out of water and 3 N when submerged. What is the buoyant force on the rock?
A) 3 N
B) 5 N
C) 8 N
D) 2 N

A

D) 2 N

28
Q

Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid indicate that the liquid
A) is warmer than the ice.
B) produces no buoyant force on the ice.
C) has dissolved air.
D) is not displaced by the submerged ice.
E) is less dense than ice.

A

E) is less dense than ice.

29
Q

A liter-sized block of ordinary wood floats in water. The amount of water displaced is
A) 1 liter.
B) less than 1 liter.
C) more than 1 liter.
D) depends on the water density
E) none of these

A

B) less than 1 liter.

30
Q

When you float in fresh water, the buoyant force that acts on you is equal to your weight. When you float higher in the high-density water of the Dead Sea, the buoyant force that acts on you is
A) equal to your weight.
B) greater than your weight.
C) less than your weight.

A

A) equal to your weight.

31
Q

If a battleship sinks in a canal lock, the water level in the lock will
A) rise.
B) fall.
C) remain unchanged.

A

B) fall.

32
Q

When a floating ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level
A) falls.
B) rises.
C) remains the same.

A

C) remains the same.

33
Q

Flatten a spherical meat ball into a hamburger and you increase its
A) volume.
B) surface area.
C) both
D) neither of these

A

B) surface area.

34
Q

Surface tension of liquids
A) is the reason a steel ship will float.
B) decreases when soap is added.
C) is about the same for all liquids.
D) increases as the liquid temperature increases.

A

B) decreases when soap is added.

34
Q

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the
A) density of the atmosphere.
B) effect of the sun’s energy on the atmosphere.
C) weight of the atmosphere.
D) temperature of the atmosphere.

A

*A) density of the atmosphere.
or
*C) weight of the atmosphere.

35
Q

A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the
A) weight of the balloon and contents.
B) density of surrounding air.
C) weight of air it displaces.
D) atmospheric pressure.
E) all of these

A

*C) weight of air it displaces.

36
Q

As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower and lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in
A) mass.
B) volume.
C) weight.
D) density.

A

*B) volume.

37
Q

A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is
A) more than one ton.
B) less than one ton.
C) zero.
D) one ton.

A

*D) one ton.

38
Q

A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake
A) becomes smaller as it rises.
B) becomes larger as it rises.
C) rises to the top at constant volume.
D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises.
E) none of these

A

B) becomes larger as it rises.

39
Q

In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of
A) surface tension.
B) capillary action.
C) atmospheric pressure.
D) Bernoulli’s principle.
E) none of these

A

C) atmospheric pressure.

40
Q

The faster a fluid moves, the
A) less its internal pressure.
B) internal pressure is unaffected.
C) greater its internal pressure.

A

*A) less its internal pressure.

41
Q

A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until
A) atmospheric pressure on the bottom of the balloon equals atmospheric pressure on the top of the balloon.
B) the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric pressure.
C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A

*C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities.

42
Q

When gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density
A) remains the same.
B) quadruples.
C) halves.
D) doubles.

A

*D) doubles.

43
Q

Wind blowing over the top of a hill
A) increases atmospheric pressure there.
B) decreases atmospheric pressure there.
C) does not affect atmospheric pressure there.

A

B) decreases atmospheric pressure there.

44
Q

The main difference between gases and plasmas has to do with
A) electrical conduction.
B) interatomic spacing.
C) fluid pressure.
D) the kinds of elements involved.
E) the proportion of matter to antimatter in the universe.

A

*A) electrical conduction.

45
Q

Which of the following bodies is comprised mostly of plasma?
A) Earth
B) Sun
C) Moon
D) all of these

A

*B) Sun

46
Q

An elephant radiates less heat for its size than smaller animals because

• its radiating area is small compared to its volume.
• its radiating area is large compared to its volume.
• it weighs more than smaller animals. it is taller than smaller animals.

A

• its radiating area is small compared to its volume.

47
Q

A creature that is scaled up in size, keeping its proportions,

A

will be weaker relative to its greater weight.

48
Q

A solid glass ball weighs 1 N. One with twice the diameter weighs

A

More than 4 N

49
Q

If a loaf of bread is compressed its

A

Density increases

50
Q

If each dimension of a steel bridge is scaled up ten times, its strength will be multiplied by about

A

100 and its weight by 1000

51
Q

A dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top mainly because

A

Water pressure increases with depth

52
Q

Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float

A

Lower in the water

Physics (15 decks)

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