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Physics > Test 3: Review A > Flashcards

Test 3: Review A Flashcards

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1
Q

How many different elements are in a water molecule?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) none

A

*B) two

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2
Q

Atoms heavier than hydrogen were made by
A) nuclear fusion.
B) radioactivity.
C) photosynthesis.
D) radiant energy conversion.
E) none of these

A

A) nuclear fusion.

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3
Q

Which of these statements is true?
A) Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance.
B) Molecules form atoms that in turn determine chemical properties of a substance.
C) Chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules.
D) A molecule is the smallest particle that exists.
E) None of these statements is true.

A

*A) Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance.

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4
Q

A force that determines the chemical properties of an atom is a
A) friction force.
B) electrical force.
C) nuclear force.
D) gravitational force.
E) none of these

A

B) electrical force.

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5
Q

The air in this room has
A) weight.
B) mass.
C) energy.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A

D) all of these

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6
Q

If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and
A) an amount of planet matter equal to that of the astronaut would annihilate.
B) the astronaut would annihilate.
C) the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate.
D) the planet would annihilate.

A

C) the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate

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7
Q

Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are
A) newer.
B) the same age.
C) older.

A

B) the same age.

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8
Q

The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are
A) not as close together as they could be.
B) invisible.
C) held together by electrical forces.
D) in perpetual motion.
E) mostly empty space themselves.

A

E) mostly empty space themselves.

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9
Q

A positron orbiting an antiproton would make up an atom of
A) anti-hydrogen.
B) positronium.
C) unobtainium.
D) anti-helium.
E) none of these

A

A) anti-hydrogen.

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10
Q

If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is
A) beryllium.
B) helium.
C) boron.
D) lithium.
E) hydrogen.

A

B) helium.

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11
Q

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is
A) doubled.
B) halved.
C) unchanged.

A

C) unchanged.

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11
Q

Which of these atoms has the greatest amount of electrical charge in its nucleus?
A) uranium
B) iron
C) gold
D) carbon
E) helium

A

A) uranium

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12
Q

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is
A) the same.
B) more.
C) less.

A

B) more.

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13
Q

If the volume of an object were to double while its mass stays the same, its density would
A) stay the same.
B) double.
C) halve.
D) become four times as great.

A

C) halve.

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14
Q

You wish to bolt a sign to a horizontal I-beam supporting a bridge. You will weaken the beam least if you drill the bolt-holes through the
A) lower flange.
B) upper flange.
C) web.
D) All these will have the same effect.

A

C) web.

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15
Q

The strength of a rope depends on its
A) length.
B) thickness.
C) both

A

*B) thickness.

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16
Q

A metal block has a mass of 5 grams and a volume of 1 cubic centimeter. A piece of the same kind of metal with a volume of 2 cubic centimeters has a density of
A) 2.5 g/cc.
B) 5 g/cc.
C) 10 g/cc.

A

*B) 5 g/cc.

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17
Q

An unstretched hanging spring is 50 cm long. Suspending a 100-N weight from it makes its length 60 cm. Adding another 100-N weight will make the spring’s length
A) 60 cm.
B) 120 cm.
C) 100 cm.
D) 70 cm.
E) 80 cm.

A

D) 70 cm.

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18
Q

A kilogram of peaches has more skin area than a kilogram of
A) grapes.
B) blueberries.
C) grapefruits.
D) Each has the same skin area.

A

C) grapefruits.

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19
Q

Tripling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by
A) 3 and its volume by 9.
B) 9 and its volume by 27.
C) 27 and its volume by 81.
D) 9 and its volume by 18.
E) none of these

A

B) 9 and its volume by 27.

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20
Q

A candymaker is making taffy apples. If she buys 100 kg of small apples rather than 100 kg of large apples, she will need
A) less taffy.
B) more taffy.
C) the same amount of taffy.

A

B) more taffy.

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21
Q

Compared to a 50-kg person, a 100-kg person at the beach requires
A) the same amount of suntan lotion.
B) less than twice as much suntan lotion.
C) more than twice as much suntan lotion.

A

B) less than twice as much suntan lotion.

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22
Q

In cold weather, your hands will be warmer if you wear
A) gloves.
B) mittens.
C) Both will be the same.

A

*B) mittens.

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23
Q

The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on
A) surface area of the water.
B) water density.
C) the height of the liquid.
D) the acceleration due to gravity.
E) none of these

A

A) surface area of the water.

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23
Q

The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that
A) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force.
B) upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object.
C) if it acted downward, nothing would float.
D) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity.

A

*B) upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object.

24
Q

A fish normally displaces its own
A) volume of water.
B) weight of water.
C) both
D) neither of these

A

C) both

25
Q

When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up
A) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.
B) but nevertheless sinks.
C) by a force equal to its own weight.
D) and floats because of Archimedes principle.
E) none of these

A

*A) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.

26
Q

Blood pressure is normally greater in your
A) feet.
B) ears.
C) same in each

A

A) feet.

26
Q

When holes are drilled through the wall of a water tower, water will spurt out the greatest horizontal distance from the hole closest to
A) the bottom of the tower.
B) the top of the tower.
C) the middle of the tower.
D) The horizontal distance will be the same for all holes.

A

A) the bottom of the tower.

26
Q

Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with
A) sand.
B) Styrofoam.
C) same on each if their volumes are the same

A

C) same on each if their volumes are the same

27
Q

The density of a submerged submarine is about the same as the density of
A) a crab.
B) water.
C) iron.
D) a floating submarine.
E) none of these

A

B) water.

28
Q

An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes
A) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg.
B) calcium in the eggshell is repelled by sodium chloride.
C) salt sinks to the bottom.
D) buoyant force does not always act upward.

A

A) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg.

29
Q

A block of wood weighing 5 N in air, is difficult to fully submerge in a pool of mercury because the buoyant force when fully submerged is
A) 5 N.
B) more than 5 N.
C) less than 5 N.

A

B) more than 5 N.

30
Q

Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float
A) lower in the water.
B) at the same level in the water.
C) higher in the water.

A

A) lower in the water.

31
Q

Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged
A) 1-kg block of lead.
B) 1-kg block of aluminum.
C) is the same on each

A

B) 1-kg block of aluminum.

32
Q

A boat loaded with wood floats in a swimming pool. When the wood is thrown overboard, the pool level will
A) fall.
B) rise.
C) remain unchanged.

A

C) remain unchanged.

33
Q

When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float
A) lower in the water.
B) higher in the water.
C) at the same water level.

A

B) higher in the water.

34
Q

There is a legend of a Dutch boy who bravely held back the Atlantic Ocean by plugging a leak near the top of a dike with his finger until help arrived. Which of the following is most likely?
A) The huge size of the Atlantic Ocean makes this impossible.
B) The force on his finger would have been less than 1 N.
C) Both the force and pressure on his finger would have been great, but not too great for a public-spirited Dutch lad.
D) Although the force on his finger would have been huge, the pressure would have been small enough for this to occur.
E) none of these

A

B) The force on his finger would have been less than 1 N.

35
Q

Surface tension is a direct result of
A) viscosity.
B) cohesive forces between molecules in a liquid.
C) Bernoulli’s principle.
D) adhesive forces between molecules in a liquid or solid.
E) Archimedes’ principle.

A

B) cohesive forces between molecules in a liquid.

36
Q

Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space because of
A) their relatively high speeds.
B) their relatively low densities.
C) cohesive forces.
D) Earth gravitation.

A

*D) Earth gravitation.

37
Q

As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes
A) denser.
B) heavier.
C) bigger.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A

C) bigger.

38
Q

A common 5-liter metal can will float in air if it is
A) filled with a very large amount of helium.
B) evacuated of air.
C) thrown high enough into the air.
D) Nonsense! Unless the displaced air weighs more than the can and its contents, the can will not float in air.

A

*D) Nonsense! Unless the displaced air weighs more than the can and its contents, the can will not float in air.

38
Q

When water is turned on in a shower, the shower curtain moves towards the water. This has to do with
A) heat capacity.
B) surface tension.
C) pressure of a moving fluid.
D) capillary action.
E) none of these

A

*C) pressure of a moving fluid.

39
Q

A suction cup sticks to a wall. It is
A) pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.
B) pulled to the wall by the vacuum.
C) both
D) neither of these

A

A) pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.

40
Q

Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, mercury in the smaller tube will rise
A) more than four times as high as in the larger tube.
B) four times as high as mercury in the larger tube.
C) twice as high as mercury in the larger tube.
D) the same height as in the larger tube.
E) none of these

A

D) the same height as in the larger tube.

41
Q

Gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is actually
A) greater than air pressure outside the balloon.
B) less than air pressure outside the balloon.
C) equal to air pressure outside the balloon.
D) impossible to determine without knowing the type of gas.

A

A) greater than air pressure outside the balloon.

42
Q

Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer on a day when atmospheric pressure is normal, the height of the alcohol column would be
A) 10.3 m.
B) more than 10.3 m.
C) less than 10.3 m.

A

B) more than 10.3 m.

43
Q

As a woman holding her breath swims deeper and deeper beneath the water’s surface, her density
A) remains the same.
B) decreases.
C) increases.

A

C) increases.

44
Q

A swimmer cannot use a long hose to snorkel more than a meter deep because air
A) in the lungs cannot easily be expelled.
B) is buoyed up leaving the swimmer breathless.
C) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.
D) tends to liquify in the snorkel tube.
E) all of these

A

*C) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.

45
Q

When a common fluorescent lamp is on, the mercury vapor inside is in a
A) solid state.
B) liquid state.
C) plasma state.
D) gaseous state.
E) none of these

A

*C) plasma state.

46
Q

When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is
A.) given off by the reaction.
B.) taken in by the reaction.
C.) not involved.

A

A.) given off by the reaction.

47
Q

Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons?
A.) carbon
B.) gold
C.) iron
D.) helium.
E.) uranium.

A

Uranium

48
Q

A metal block has density of 5000 kilograms per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block mass?

A.) 2500 kg
B.) 1000 kg
C.) 5000 kg
D.) 10,000 kg

A

D.) 10,000 kg

49
Q

Which potatoes, when peeled produce the most peelings?
A.) 10kg of large potatoes
B.) 10kg of small potatoes
C.) Same amount

A

B.) 10kg of small potatoes

50
Q

A completely submerged object always displaces its own

A

Volume of fluid

51
Q

The volume of water displaced by a floating 20 ton boat

A

Is the volume of 20 tons of water

52
Q

A boat loaded with scrap, iron floats, and a swimming pool. When the iron is thrown overboard, the pool level will.

A

Fall

53
Q

The ratio of output force to input force of a hydraulic press will be equal to the ratio of the output and input piston

A

Areas

54
Q

In a hydraulic press operation, it is possible for the

A

Energy output to exceeded the energy input

55
Q

In a vacuum and object has no

A

Buoyant force

Physics (15 decks)

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