Test 3 Quiz Questions

Question 1

True or false: DNA replication occurs in the 5’ to 3’ direction; that is, new nucleoside triphosphates are added to the 3’ end

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The discontinuous aspect of replication of DNA in vivo is caused by __________

Answer 2

The 5’ to 3’ polarity restriction

Question 3

Structures located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are called_____________.

Answer 3

Telomeres

Question 4

DNA polymerase III adds nucleotides ________________.

Answer 4

To the 3’ end of the RNA primer

Question 5

True or false: in general, DNA replicated semicontinuous and bidirectionally

Answer 5

True

Question 6

I’m E. Coli, the genetic material is composed of _____________.

Answer 6

Circular, double stranded DNA

Question 7

That some organisms contain much later amounts of DNA than are apparently “needed” and that some relatively closely related organisms may have vastly different amounts of DNA is more typical in ___________.

Answer 7

Eukaryotes than prokaryotes

Question 8

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain two general domains that relate to the degree of condensation. These two regions are ______________.

Answer 8

Called heterochcromatin and euchromatin

Question 9

Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octamers called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?

Answer 9

Histones

Question 10

In addition to highly repetitive and unique DNA sequences, a third category of DNA sequence exists. What is it called, and what types of elements are involved in it?

Answer 10

Moderately repetitive DNA; SINEs, LINEs, and VNTRs

Question 11

Viral chromosomes exist in a variety of confirmations and can be made up of _____________.

Answer 11

DNA or RNA

Question 12

Which of the following contains the three posttranscriptional modifications often seen in the maturation of mRNA in eukaryotes

Answer 12

5’-capping, 3’ -poly(A) tail addition, splicing

Question 13

The genetic code is fairly consistent among all organisms. The term often used to describe such consistency in the code is ___________.

Answer 13

Universal

Question 14

It has been recently determined that the gene for duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is more than 2000 kb (kilobases) in length: however, the mRNA produced by this gene is only about 14 kb long. What is a likely cause of this discrepancy?

Answer 14

The introns have been spliced out during mRNA processing

Question 15

A class of mutations that result in multiple continuous (side-by-side) amino acid changes in proteins is probably caused by which of the following type of mutation?

Answer 15

Frameshift

Question 16

Which of the following two terms relate most closely to split genes?

Answer 16

Introns, exons

Question 17

If one compares the base sequences of related genes from different species, one is likely to find that corresponding ____________ are usually conserved, but the sequence of ______________ are much less well conserved

Answer 17

Exons, introns

Question 18

When examining the genetic code, it is apparent that ____________.

Answer 18

There can be more than one codon for a particular amino acid

Question 19

The relationship between a gene and a messenger RNA is that ____________.

Answer 19

mRNAs are made from genes

Question 20

When considering the initiation of transcription, one often finds consensus sequences located in the region of the DNA where DNA polymerase(s) binds. Which of the following is a common consensus sequence?

Answer 20

TATA

Question 21

What is the name given to the three bases in a messenger RNA that bind to the anticodon of tRNA to specify an amino acid placement in a protein?

Answer 21

Codon

Question 22

What is the initiator triplet in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? What amino acid is recruited by this triplet?

Answer 22

AUG; methionine