Test 3 - quiz

Question 0

And trying to solve a potentially complicated problem quickly we are most likely to rely on

Answer 0

.

Question 1

Best example of a category of objects events ideas or people is called a

Answer 1

Proto type

Question 2

The availability heuristic refers to our tendency to

Answer 2

Estimate the likelihood of an event based on how easily we remember instances of its occurrence

Question 4

Weather forecasters typically avoid overconfidence when making weather predictions because they

Answer 4

.promptly receive clear feedback on their accuracy

Question 5

5. Ojinska sold many more raffle tickets when she told people they had a 10 percent chance of winning a prize than when she told them they had a 90 percent chance of not winning. This best illustrates the importance of ___________.

Answer 5

raming.

Question 6

6. The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Answer 6

morphemes

Question 7

7. Two-year-old Dirk’s sentences—“Dad come,” “Mom laugh,” and “Truck gone”—are examples of ______.

Answer 7

telegraphic speech

Question 8

8. Imagining a physical experience activates some of the same ________ that is (are) also active during the actual experience

Answer 8

neural networks

Question 9

9. After a skydiving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people’s speech. It is likely that she suffered brain damage to ____________.

Answer 9

Wernicke’s area.

Question 10

10. Those who learn sign language as teens never become as fluent as children exposed to sign language from birth. This best illustrates the importance of ________ for mastering language

Answer 10

a critical period

Question 11

1. Spearman referred to the general capacity that may underlie all of a person’s specific mental abilities as ___________.

Answer 11

b. the g factor.

Question 12

2. Of the following, who best illustrates Sternberg’s concept of analytical intelligence?

Answer 12

c. Selma, a 9-year-old who solves complicated mathematical problems in record time

Question 13

3. Your score on the WAIS does not indicate how well you control your impulses or deal effectively with social conflict. This best illustrates that intelligence is _______________.

Answer 13

c. a collection of distinctly different abilities.

Question 14

4. Six-year-old Julie performs on an intelligence test at the same level as an average 8-year-old. Julie’s MENTAL age is ________.

Answer 14

8

Question 15

5. Assessing current competence is to ________ tests as predicting future performance is to ________ tests.

Answer 15

d. achievement; aptitude

Question 16

6. A test is reliable if it ______________.

Answer 16

b. yields dependably consistent scores.

Question 17

7. Older adults outperformed younger adults in their responses to New York Times crossword puzzles. The superior performance of these older adults best illustrates the value of _________.

Answer 17

d. crystallized intelligence.

Question 18

Gifted child” programs can lead to ________ by implicitly labeling some students as “ungifted” and isolating them from an enriched educational environment.

Answer 18

d. self-fulfilling prophecies

Question 19

9. Compared with men, women are ________ capable of remembering objects’ spatial locations and they are ________ sensitive to taste and color

Answer 19

c. more; more

Question 20

10. Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of ____________.

Answer 20

c. stereotype threat.

Question 21

1. Like evolutionary psychology, instinct theory most clearly assumed that behavior is influenced by ___________.

Answer 21

d. genetic predispositions.

Question 22

2. The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for explaining an infant’s urge to ___________.

Answer 22

d. explore.

Question 23

3. The specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time is known as the _____________.

Answer 23

a. set point.

Question 24

4. In places where agriculture has produced milk, survival patterns have favored people with lactose tolerance. This best illustrates the impact of cultural trends on _____________.

Answer 24

a. human genetics.

Question 25

5. Compared with past years, people in developed countries today are consuming ________ food and engaging in ________ physical activity.

Answer 25

b. more; less

Question 26

6. Research suggests that after 18-year-old Kalani has looked at magazine pictures of sexually attractive women, he will be __________.

Answer 26

d. less likely to perceive his girlfriend as attractive.

Question 27

7. FEMALE fetuses ________ exposed to testosterone and MALE fetuses ________ exposed to testosterone appear most likely later to experience same-sex desires.

Answer 27

c. most; least

Question 28

8. Those who view their work as a fulfilling and socially useful activity are said to view work as a ____________.

Answer 28

calling

Question 29

9. Which of the following is generally the poorest predictor of future job performance?

Answer 29

d. evaluations from informal interviews

Question 30

10. Encouraging employee productivity through recognition and reward illustrates effective use of ____________.

Answer 30

c. operant conditioning.

Question 31

1. Religiously active people have _______ socially supportive relationships and ________ lifestyles than those who are not religiously active.

Answer 31

d. more; healthier

Question 32

1. Amanda is stressed out because she thinks she’s too socially inept to make friends with her new classmates. Amanda best illustrates the debilitating effects of _____________.

Answer 32

d. pessimism.

Question 33

2. The characteristic that most clearly contributes to the disease vulnerability of Type A personalities is their feelings of ________________.

Answer 33

d. anger.

Question 34

3. Psychoneuroimmunology is most broadly concerned with how the psychological, neural, and endocrine systems together affect the ___________

Answer 34

c. immune system.

Question 35

4. In response to various stressors, ________ increases your heart rate and respiration.

Answer 35

d. the sympathetic nervous system

Question 36

5. When Mrs. Van Dyke first acquired a new luxury car, she was ecstatic. After several months, however, she took the car for granted and it gave her little sense of emotional excitement. This change in her feelings can best be explained in terms of ______________

Answer 36

a. the adaptation-level phenomenon.

Question 37

6. A television producer believes that violent TV programs provide viewers an opportunity to reduce their own anger through fantasy. The producer appears to accept the ________.

Answer 37

d. catharsis hypothesis.

Question 38

7. The facial expressions associated with particular emotions are ____________.

Answer 38

c. the same throughout the world.

Question 39

8. As people experience positive emotions, an increase in brain activity is most evident in the ________________.

Answer 39

b. left frontal lobe.

Question 40

9. When students perceive the arousal that accompanies test-taking as energizing rather than debilitating, they experience much less anxiety. This is best understood in terms of the ____________.

Answer 40

d. two-factor theory.