Test 3 Past Test Reviewer Flashcards
During repolarization of the plasma membrane (sarolemma) of a muscle fibre, which of the following occurs? A. Na+ moves inside the fibre B. Na+ moves outside the fibre C. K+ moves inside the fibre D. K+ moves outside the fibre
D. K+ moves outside the fibre
Choose the correct squence of events in the order they occur at a neuromuscular junction.
- Ach is broken down by Ach-ase into acetic acid and choline
- Ach diffuses across the synaptic cleft
- AP reaches the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron.
- Ach combines with chemical (ligand)-gated ion channel
- AP is produced on the muscle fibres sarcolemma
A. 1.2.3.4.5
B. 2.3.4.1.5
C. 3.4.2.1.5
D. 3.2.4.5.1
D. 3.2.4.5.1
Choose the correct sequence of events in the order they occur following a single stimulation of a skeletal muscle fibre.
- SR releases Ca++
- SR re-uptakes Ca++
- Ca++ ions diffuses onto actin filament
- AP moves down the T-tubule
- Filaments slide pass each other
- Muscle relax
A. 4.1.3.5.2.6
B. 1.3.4.5.2.6
C. 5.1.4.3.2.6
D. 4.2.3.5.1.6
A. 4.1.3.5.2.6
Ability to lift a heavy load would be increased by what type of exercise?
Resistance
A muscle contraction in which there is no significant change in the muscle’s length.
Isometric contraction
During muscle contraction, ATP provids energy needed to release and reset (recock) each myosin head so that it can attack farther along the ______.
actin filament
In aerobic respiration, only glucose is burnt to produce energy. True or False?
false
Which of the following grouping is incorrect?
A. striated muscle, cylindrical cells, attached to skeleton, involuntary
B. Smooth muscle, single nucleus, walls of hollow organs, involuntary
C. Striated muscle, intercalated discs, branching cells, heart
D. Striated muscle, multiple nuclei, attached to skeleton, voluntary
A. striated muscle, cylindrical cells, attached to skeleton, involuntary.
- Skeletal muscles are VOLUNTARY
A state of sustained PARTIAL CONTRACTION of the muscle which is vital for the health of the muscles.
Muscle tone
True or False. The key functions of the muscle are motion in the body, movement of substances within the body, body position stability, organ volume regulation and heat production.
True
True or False?
All hormones from the adrenal glands operate on target cells via second messenger.
False
True or False?
Glucocorticoids decrease BS levels.
False
True or False?
All hormones must be bound to protein when carried in the blood.
False
Glucagon increase the concentration of _______.
blood glucose
True or False?
Amino acid-based hormones act directly to influence target cells DNA; steroid hormones act through second messengers.
False
Vice versa
Which hormone over secretion can lead to HTN?
a. thyroxine
b. cortisol.
c. ADH
d. aldosterone
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
True or False?
Cathecholamines (NE,E) increase digestive and kidney activities.
FALSE
When a healthy person receives injections of T3 and T4?
The secretion rate of TSH declines
Insulin increases the uptake of _______ by its target cells.
glucose
True or False?
The autonomic nervous system has 2 neurons in series; the first neuron of the series (preganglionic neuron) has cell body in the CNS; the second neuron (postganglionic neuron) has cell body in the autonomic ganglia.
False
Which of the following does not relate to somatic nervous system but is true of the sympathetic nervous system?
A. Neurotransmitter is Ach
B. Axons are myelinated
C. effectors are muscles
D. It has motor neurons located in the ganglia chain
D. It has motor neurons located in the ganglia chain
Endocrine gland that is derived from the same embryonic tissue as the autonomic ganglia, and secretes its neurohormone in response to sympathetic nerve stimulation.
Adrenal Medulla
True or False
Motor neurons which innervate skeletal muscle originate from the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
False
True or false?
The ANS is the motor division of the PNS, and the levels of activity in the ANS are controlled by centres in the brain stem that regulate visceral organ functions.
False