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Adler Patient Care > Test 3 Ch 7,8,9 > Flashcards

Test 3 Ch 7,8,9 Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of IR systems

A

Film
CR
DR

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2
Q

4 requirements to produce an X-ray:

A

Vacuum (tube housing)
Source of electrons (filament)
Accelerate electrons (voltage)
Stop electrons (target)

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3
Q

The beam of photons before it interacts with the patients body is called

A

Primary radiation

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4
Q

Invisible image created after exposure before processing

A

Latent image

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5
Q

Relationship of radiation intensity and distance from source of radiation

A

Inverse square law

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6
Q

The resulting beam that is able to exit from the patient is called

A

Remnant Radiation

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7
Q

The difference in ____________ allows for the formation of radiographs. As radiation is absorbed differently in different tissues of the body

A

Attenuation

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8
Q

Which bone structure would be radiopaque ?

Radiolucent?

A

Bones

Air, superficial tissues

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9
Q

Exposure factors that determine the quality of the image

A

mAs
KVP
SID
OID

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10
Q

DR has a scintillator typically made of what …. that will convert electrons one n stored in the TFT

A

Amorphous selenium (a-Se)

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11
Q

The ________ determines the individual size of each pixel.

A

Resolution

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12
Q

Indirect capture consists of a two step process:

A

X-ray photons converted to light using the scintillator and then -converted to electric signal

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13
Q

4 factors affecting image quality

A

Contrast
Density
Resolution
Distortion

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14
Q

The X-ray beam is described as

A

Polyenergetic or heterogeneous

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15
Q

The anode and cathode are what charges?

A 
Cathode = negative 
Anode= positive
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16
Q

Form of X-ray beam collocation of field size that ensures the X-ray exposure field is no larger than receptor size

A

PBL

Positive beam limitation

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17
Q

The process of “coning down” indicates what?

A

Increased collimation

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18
Q

In the cathode, As temperature increases and electrons start “boiling off” through a process called???

A

Thermionic emission

19
Q

The X-ray tube is made of

A

Pyrex glass

To withstand extreme amount of heat

20
Q

X-ray tabletops are:

A

Radiolucent

21
Q

The power of the X-ray system(the generator) is expressed in

A

Kilowatts

22
Q

Although it is recommended to prep the X-ray tube, repeated prepping of the tube can..

A

Damage the tube and shorten its lifespan!

23
Q

The most sophisticated and desired tube system?

A

OTC systems

24
Q

What does it mean when the imaging plate needs conditioning ?

A

Needs an intense white light source to clear the image

25
Q

Multiple views; 60 images sweep the patient in one breath hold

A

Tomosynthesis

26
Q

Two basic sources of ionizing radiation:

A

Natural and man made

27
Q

Natural ionizing radiation are

Man made radiation consists of

A

Uranium sun, and radium, (radon)
Stemming from sewers

Smoke detectors
Radionuclides

28
Q

X-rays interact with matter in 5 ways!

A 
Classic coherent 
Photoelectric 
Compton scattering 
Pair production 
Photodisintegration
29
Q

The two interactions of X-rays with matter that directly influence patients and workers

A

Compton scattering -effecting workers

Photoelectric -effecting patients

30
Q

coherent scattering is also known as

A

Thompson, classical

31
Q

X-rays that change direction are known as:

A

Scattering

32
Q

In Pair production, a minimum of _______ of energy must occur. Important in radiation therapy

A

1.02 MeV

33
Q

Phitodisintegration occurs in the nuclear field but not in diagnostic radiography. X-ray photon energy must at least be —

A

10 MeV

34
Q

1Sv=

1 Gy=

A

100 rem

100 Rad

35
Q

Annual occupational exposure dose

Cumulative occupational exposure dose

A

50mSv

10mSv x age

36
Q

The reproductive cells of an organism

Reproduce through meiosis

A

Germ cells

37
Q

All types of cells and carry all 46 chromosomes n perform all body’s functions

A

Somatic cells

38
Q

Early effects of radiation exposure include 3 effects; the first effect is:

A

Prodromal stage

NVD-nausea committing diarrhea

39
Q

The second stage includes

A

The latent period;

Feel fine, body is biologically changing

40
Q

The last stage is the manifest stage which is:

A

Where the patient feels full effects of exposure

Leading to recovery or death

41
Q

The late effects occur after a long period of time and include 2 groups which are:

A

Somatic effects -results in patient who was exposed

Genetic effects -generations later are effected by the exposure

42
Q

3 protective principles in protecting the patient from overexposure

A

Time
Distance
Shielding

43
Q

It is recommended that during flouro procedures, lead aprons should have how much lead equivalency

A

0.5 at least

44
Q

The most common dosimeter is the

A

OSL

Adler Patient Care (6 decks)

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