Test 3 Abdomen Flashcards

Question

L. Lumbar

Answer 1

Descending colon Lower half of left kidney Portion of duodenum and jejunum

Answer 2

``` Cecum Appendix Ileum (lower end) Right ureter and right ovary Right spermatic cord ```

Answer 3

Sigmoid colon Left ureter and L ovary Left spermatic cord

Answer 4

Bruising in the flanks; indicates trauma to the kidney, severe pancreatitis, ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Answer 5

Can be a nl variation Recent - Pinkish color Older - white/silver Abnormal - Blush purple from Cushings Disease

Answer 6

Blue color around or under umbilicus; indicates abnormal bleeding from trauma, ectopic pregnancy, pancreatitis, or from a leaking or ruptured abnormal aortic aneurysm

Answer 7

Tiny and easier to see on abdomen; vascular disease, fat emboli

Answer 8

Dense overgrowth (hypertrophy) of fibrous tissue; more common in African Americans

Answer 9

Scar tissue develops in the area where they have their surgery; adhering to other organs or structures

Answer 10

Dilated, engorged veins goes from pubis bone upward

Answer 11

Veins going in wheel barrow shape around umbilicus

Answer 12

indicative of liver damage

Answer 13

Place both index fingers together on a vessel. Press down and move fingers apart Life one finger up, note flow, repeat with the other side The way it goes the fastest is the direction of the blood flow

Answer 14

Unusual stretching and enlargement of abdomen; implies disease; can be symmetrical or asymmetrical distention

Answer 15

``` Fluid (ascites, hemorrhage) Flatulence (gas) Fat (obesity; adipose) Feces (constipation) Fibroid/fatal tumor Fetus ```

Answer 16

Could be from extended bladder

Answer 17

dip in abdomen in really thin people

Answer 18

stomach or liver area/swelling/ tumor/ masses

Answer 19

Men normally breathe through their stomach If abdominal respiration not present in men, could mean peritonitis and other abdominal problems Women normally breathe through they chest

Answer 20

Progressive wavelike movement, involuntary Normally can't be seen moves RIGHT TO LEFT

Answer 21

Reverse peristalsis in infants; malrotation of the bowel

Answer 22

High pitched gurgling, clicks Very irregular Occur q 5-15 seconds or 5-35 sounds per minute Relative to when pt. last ate

Answer 23

sounds like breaking glass and water splashing | Caused by diarrhea, early bowel obstruction, laxative overuse, subsiding ileus (paralyzed bowel)

Answer 24

Hepatic friction rub - along costal margins; under right breast Splenic friction rub - under left breast Aorta - medially above umbilicus Renal artery - above umbilicus on L and R sides Iliac artery - on hips Venous hum - by umbilicus Femoral - medially by quads

Answer 25

low pitch, soft, continuous; could indicate obstruction of blood flow over liver of umbilicus

Answer 26

Grating, leather rubbing together, soft Associated with each breath (make note where we are hearing) Enlarged liver or spleen rubbing on organs Could also be from other organs, an abscess or tumor

Answer 27

Is most common in abdomen

Answer 28

Solid masses (organs, distended bladder)

Answer 29

Percuss down on the right MCL until sound changes from resonant to dull (make a mark) Next percuss up the right MCL until sound changes from tympany to dull (find a mark)

Answer 30

span of 6-12 cms at MCL | 4-8 cms at sternal line

Answer 31

Substantiates other findings

Answer 32

Gentle exploration by rolling fingers Use of flat fingers Do not dig into pt. press in about 1 cm Note soft or hard first. Could be soft, firm, hard, bouncy like a balloon, or board like (peritonitis)

Answer 33

Same as light but push into patient harder and deeper (we mainly use light palpation on abdomen) Should feel organs Deep palpation may produce tenderness over certain areas normally; cecum sigmoid colon, is very uncommonly used

Answer 34

Conscious contraction of the abdominal muscles (rectus muscles). Patients anticipate a painful assessment and tense (bent knees may help this)

Answer 35

Involuntary tensing of the abdominal muscles to protect the inflamed or injured organs from feeling the pressure of pain (peritonitis)

Answer 36

Use bimanual trapping or hand over hand | Have them breathe normally then deep so that the diaphragm pushes down on the liver

Answer 37

Cup hands around ribs; not done often

Answer 38

Enlarged liver; pain, hard, nodular

Answer 39

Similar to liver | Located close to RMCL

Answer 40

Pain on inspiration while palpating under rig cage, pt. will suddenly hold breath

Answer 41

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Answer 42

A gallstone

Answer 43

Enlarged 3X the normal size with trauma, CA, mononucleosis

Answer 44

Pancreas is too small to palate even if it is diseased | CA not usually found until it is advanced

Answer 45

Non palpable in normal adults | Usually only feel the right kidney

Answer 46

Fluid collecting in the kidneys (tumor)

Answer 47

Free fluid in the abdomen

Answer 48

Between the umbiliucs and hip bone on the right side, a little closer to the hip bone Rebound tenderness indicates appendicitis

Answer 49

Same as for rebound tenderness with McBurneys Point but on the left side Indicates peritoneal inflammation or appendicitis

Answer 50

Pt supine and ask to hold the right leg Examiner exerts moderate pressure on the lower thigh Pt will complain of pain in the RLQ if there is peritoneal inflammation

Answer 51

Pt supine and ask them to flex the right hip 90 degrees Grab the ankle and internally and externally rotate the lower leg, while turning the thigh inward Will feel hypogastric pain if there is peritoneal irritation

Answer 52

``` Potbelly in toddler Abdominal breathers Pulse will be more visible and bounding in the epigastric area Short liver span Very ticklish Distrustful of abdominal exams ```

Answer 53

``` Decreased saliva, gastric enzymes, acids Decreased motility Liver more easily palpable and smaller Prone to constipation and diarrhea more likely to be malnourished Decreased bladder capacity ```

Answer 54

When the spleen ruptures