test 3

Question 0

Internal oblique runs?

Answer 0

downward and backward

Question 1

External oblique muscle runs?

Answer 1

downwards and forward

Question 2

Superficial (camper’s fascia) is continuous with?

Answer 2

superficial fascia of perineum and thigh

Question 3

Deep layer (scarpa’s fascia) is firmly attached to?

Answer 3

fascia lata of the thigh just below inguinal ligament.

Question 4

Liver lies mostly in what region?

Answer 4

right hypochondrium and epigastric region

Question 5

the spleen, fundus of stomach, and body of stomach lie in what region?

Answer 5

Left hypochondrium region

Question 6

Subcostal plane lies at inferior margin of?

Answer 6

Rib 10, LV3 level

Question 7

Transtubercular plane joins?

Answer 7

Tubercles of iliac crest. LV5 level

Question 8

Umbilicus lies at what vertebral levels?

Answer 8

LV2 and LV5

Question 9

What muscle acts as an internal back brace? And what direction do its fibers run?

Answer 9

Transversus abdominus. Fibers run horizontally across abdomen.

Question 10

Linea alba lies between?

Answer 10

Left and right rectus abdominus muscles

Question 11

What gives the washboard six pack appearance? What does this muscle fuse with?

Answer 11

Tendinous intersection. This muscle fuses with rectus sheath

Question 12

Anterior abdominal wall muscles are often active in?

Answer 12

coughing and sneezing (forced expiration), defecation, vomitting, micturation, parturition.

Question 13

Rectus sheath is formed by?

Answer 13

aponeurosis of the ext oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominus.

Question 14

Rectus sheath encloses?

Answer 14

Rectus abdominus muscle, pyramidalis muscle, sup epigastric v and a, inf epigastric v and a, ant primary rami of lower six thoracic nerves.

Question 15

What ab muscle is often missing?

Answer 15

Pyramidalis muscle

Question 16

Above arcuate line the aponeurosis of the internal oblique splits to enclose what musle?

Answer 16

rectus abdominus

Question 17

Urachus is?

Answer 17

Embryonic Bladder

Question 18

Median umbilical fold contains?

Answer 18

Urachus

Question 19

Medial Umbilical fold contains?

Answer 19

obliterated umbilical artey

Question 20

Lateral umbilical fold contains?

Answer 20

Inferior epigastric vessels

Question 21

Ligamentum teres:

Answer 21

Contains the obliterated umbilical vein and is the free edge of the falciform ligament which is attached to the liver.

Question 22

Blood supply to Ant Abdominal Wall

Answer 22

Sup epigastric, inf epigastric, lumbar arteries, deep circumflex iliac artery.

Question 23

Abdominal wall innervatedby what nerves? Between what two muscles do these nerves run?

Answer 23

Lowe six thoracic nerves (7-12). They run between internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Question 24

Inguinal canal transmits?

Answer 24

Spermatic cord, round ligament of uterus, ilioinguinal nerve

Question 25

Conjoint tendon (inguinal falx) formed by fusion of? Stengthens what?

Answer 25

Aponeurosis of internal oblique and transversus abdominus. The conjoint tendon strengthens the posterior wall of the medial half o f the inguinal canal.

Question 26

Superficial inguinal ring is triangular opening in?

Answer 26

External oblique aponeurosis.

Question 27

Superficial inguinal ring transmits?

Answer 27

Spermatic cord, round ligament of the uterus, ilioinguinal nerve

Question 28

Inguinal triangle bounded?

Answer 28

Medially by lateral edge of rectus abdominis muscle. Laterally by the inferior epigastric vessels. Inferiorly by inguinal ligament.

Question 29

Inguinal hernia

Answer 29

inguinal triangle is area of potential weakness in ant ab wall and therefore direct inguinal hernias can occur here

Question 30

What are two anatomical adaptations that strengthen inguinal canal?

Answer 30

Inguinal canal is oblique in adults which allows canal to be compresses by ab muscles which narrows inguinal canal (half sphincter mechanism). Conjoint tendon which reinforces posterior wall of inguinal canal.

Question 31

Why are inguinal hernias more common in males?

Answer 31

Inguinal canal is larger to allow passage of spermatic cord. And the scrotum is an outpouching of ant ab wall which creates a large potential space for ab viscera to fill