Test 3

Question 1

What does axial musculature arise from and attach to?

Answer 1

Axial Skeleton

Question 2

What does the appendicular musculature control?

Answer 2

It moves and stabilizes components of the appendicular skeleton (girdles and limbs)

Question 3

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

Answer 3

Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor

Question 4

List the muscles that flex the elbow.

Answer 4

Brachialis and brachioradialis

Question 5

List the muscles that pronate the forearm.

Answer 5

Pronator teres muscle and pronator quadratus muscle

Question 6

List the muscles that flex the wrist.

Answer 6

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and palmaris longus

Question 7

List the muscles that move the wrist

Answer 7

Extensor carpi radialis and extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 8

List the flexors of the leg

Answer 8

Piriformis muscle and obturator muscles

Question 9

Axial muscles control the action of what structures?

Answer 9

Head, neck, vertebral column, oblique and rectus muscles

Question 10

List the muscles that extend the leg

Answer 10

vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris

Question 11

What is the most common lever system?

Answer 11

Tweezers: weight-work-fulcrum

Question 12

List the two main divisions of the nervous system

Answer 12

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Question 13

What make up the PNS?

Answer 13

Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 14

What are the effectors?

Answer 14

Muscles or glands

Question 15

List the functions of the neuroglia

Answer 15

Provide a supportive scaffolding for neurons. And cover all nonsynaptic parts of the neurons (thereby insulating the neurons and keeping the electrical activities of adjacent neurons from interfering with each other)

Question 16

List the components of a neuron

Answer 16

Dendrite, axon, axon hillock, soma, axon terminal, ganglia, chromatophilic (nissl) bodies, and neurofibrals

Question 17

List the neuroglia cells

Answer 17

Microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal

Question 18

Define axon hillock

Answer 18

Base of axon

Question 19

Define axon terminal

Answer 19

Knob-like end of an axon

Question 20

What is the structural classification of a neuron based on?

Answer 20

bipolar, fused dendrites, and axon

Question 21

List the 3 functional neuron types

Answer 21

Sensory, motor, or integrative

Question 22

Somatic motor fibers innervate what tissue?

Answer 22

Skeletal muscle

Question 23

List the structures of the CNS

Answer 23

Brain, spinal cord, and interneuron integrate sensory info into a motor response

Question 24

List the major divisions of the brain

Answer 24

Cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem

Question 25

What is made at the choroid plexus?

Answer 25

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 26

What is a gyri?

Answer 26

Bumps, convolutions, or twisted ridges of brain tissue

Question 27

List the functions of the limbic system

Answer 27

Controls emotions, produces feelings, and interprets sensory impulses

Question 28

List the parts of the diencephalon

Answer 28

thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

Question 29

What are the three types of meninges?

Answer 29

dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Question 30

What are the characteristics of the three types of meninges?

Answer 30

cover and protect the CNS, enclose and protect the blood vessels that supply the CNS, and contain the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

Where is the cardiovascular center housed?

Answer 31

medulla oblongata

Question 32

Where can CSF be found?

Answer 32

In the ventricles of the brain

Question 33

What types of cell bodies are found in posterior horn of the spinal cord?

Answer 33

Contains somatic and visceral sensory nuclei (gray matter)

Question 34

Where do we find cranial nerves?

Answer 34

In the brain

Question 35

List the cranial nerves that are both sensory and motor

Answer 35

V. Trigeminal, VII. Facial, IX. Glossopharyngeal, X. Vagus

Question 36

Define dermatome

Answer 36

An area of skin that the cutaneous branches of sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve innervate

Question 37

List the three cranial nerves that are sensory

Answer 37

VIII. Vestibulocochlear, II. Optic, and I. Olfactory

Question 38

List the spinal levels that have 5 spinal nerves

Answer 38

Lumbar and sacral

Question 39

Define a ganglion

Answer 39

Collection of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system

Question 40

List the major spinal nerve plexuses

Answer 40

Cervical plexus, brachial plexus, and lumbosacral plexus

Question 41

List the characteristics of the cervical plexus

Answer 41

Formed by anterior branches of C1-C4 spinal nerves; lies deep in neck; supply to muscles and skin of the neck

Question 42

List the characteristics of the brachial plexus

Answer 42

Formed by anterior branches of C5-T1; lies deep within shoulders

Question 43

Which nerve is associated with equilibrium?

Answer 43

Vestibulocochlear

Question 44

List the nerves associated with taste

Answer 44

Glossopharyngeal

Question 45

What are the 2 main divisions of the ANS?

Answer 45

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 46

List the activities of the sympathetic division

Answer 46

Exercise, excitement, emergency, and embarassment

Question 47

What is the effector of the somatic nervous system?

Answer 47

Skeletal muscles

Question 48

Define phantom pain

Answer 48

Pain that feels like it's coming from a body part that is no longer there (from CNS)

Question 49

List the effects of parasympathetic division control

Answer 49

Blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rates or low; gastrointestinal tract activity is high; skin is warm and the pupils are constricted

Question 50

List the preganglionic origins for the 4 pathways

Answer 50

thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and synapses (in the adrenal medulla)