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Intro to Human Anatomy Test 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe anatomical position

A

Standing body erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, feet slightly apart, palms forward and thumbs out

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2
Q

On what week does the fetal stage start?

A

Week 9

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3
Q

Epithelial cells are found where on the body? (specific and non specific)

A

Covers organs and the body, lines body cavities, and lines hollow organs

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4
Q

Which muscle type is voluntarily controlled?

A

Skeletal muscle

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5
Q

How does the sagittal plane section the body?

A

Divides the body into left and right portions (not necessarily equal)

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6
Q

What is Neurulation?

A

It is the first event of organogenesis and it gives rise to the brain and spinal cord of an embryo. The neural plate folds inward as a neural groove with prominent neural folds

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7
Q

Describe a nucleus

A

It is the control center of the cell and is composed of the nucleolus, nuclear envelope, and chromatin. It is where ribosomes are produced.

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8
Q

What is the root language for science?

A

Latin

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9
Q

List the properties of smooth muscle.

A

Non-striated, involuntary. Found in walls of organs, walls of blood vessel, and skin

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10
Q

The skin produces what vitamin?

A

Vitamin D

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11
Q

In which week does the fetus look distinctly human?

A

Week 8

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12
Q

What type of epithelium is best for the absorption of materials?

A

Simple columnar

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissues?

A

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

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14
Q

What are the 2 glands of the skin?

A

Sebaceous Glands and Sweat Glands

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15
Q

What is gestation?

A

Length of prenatal development; 9 months

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16
Q

What is the smallest living unit of an organism?

A

A cell

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17
Q

What is developmental anatomy?

A

The changes from conception to maturity

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18
Q

Which body cavity is the umbilicus associated?

A

Abdominal cavity

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19
Q

What is the role of mitochondria?

A

To generate energy (ATP); Powerhouse

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20
Q

How is organ structure and function related?

A

The organ is made in a way that it can successfully complete its function.

21
Q

What does selectively permeable mean?

A

Permits passage of some materials and restricts passage of others (Water can pass freely through)

22
Q

What tissue can contract?

A

Muscle tissue

23
Q

Human ceruminous glands produce?

A

Ear wax

24
Q

What 3 pigments affect skin color?

A

Melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

25
Q

List the 5 layers of the skin in order of deep to superficial

A

Stratum basal, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum cornuem

26
Q

Describe a cell membrane

A

A selectively permeable membrane

27
Q

Where are melanocytes found in the skin?

A

In the stratum basale

28
Q

What are organs made of?

A

Tissue

29
Q

The skin is made of what type of epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous

30
Q

In what trimester do the major organ systems appear?

A

First Trimester

31
Q

What is the length of time needed for skin cells to be replaced?

A

4-6 weeks (35-45 days)

32
Q

The dorsal cavity contains what organs?

A

Brain and spinal chord

33
Q

What is the function of epithelial cells?

A

Function in protection, secretion, absorption, and excretion

34
Q

What cellular structure forms the spindle cells?

A

The centrosome (?)

35
Q

What is cleavage in embryonic development?

A

An early embryonic stage consisting of rapid cell divisions without intervening growth periods; begins with a fertilized ovum and produces a blastocyst

36
Q

List the primary tissue types.

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

37
Q

What are the 2 layers of the trophoblast?

A

syncytiotrophoblast (outer layer) and the cytotrophoblast (inner layer)

38
Q

The inner cell mass will develop into what structure?

A

The embryonic disc

39
Q

What is gastrulation?

A

A process of invagination of epiblast cells

40
Q

Describe the nucleus of a cell.

A

The control center of the cell. Made up of the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, and chromatin

41
Q

What is the amniotic cavity?

A

The closed sac between the embryo and the amnion, containing the amniotic fluid

42
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another

43
Q

What are the accessory organs of the skin?

A

Hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

44
Q

List the types of connective tissue.

A

Connective Tissue Proper, bone tissue, cartilage, blood

45
Q

List the phases of mitosis in order

A

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

46
Q

What cell structure is selectively permeable?

A

Plasma Membrane

47
Q

Keratinocytes are most abundant in what structure?

A

The epedermis

48
Q

What do transport vesicles carry from the Rough ER to the Golgi apparatus?

A

Proteins

Intro to Human Anatomy Test 1 (4 decks)

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