Test 3 Flashcards
During what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes composed of two chromatids?
From G2 to metaphase
If a cell has 8 chromosomes at the end of metaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will it have during anaphase?
16
What does not occur during M phase?
Replication of DNA and separation of homologous chromosomes
How does cellular DNA content and policy levels change during meiosis I and meiosis II?
DNA content is halved in both
Ploidy level is changed from meiosis I to meiosis II and remains haploid
In what phase does Mendelian’s law of Independent Assortment take place?
Meiosis I, metaphase I
If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many centromeres are there?
10
If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?
10
During which phase of mitosis do chromatids become chromosomes?
Anaphase
What is interphase?
Time when the cell is metabolically active
What is true of all cancers?
They have all escaped normal cell cycle controls
What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?
44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
Can karyotypes reveal DNA mutations, inversions, or deletions?
Yes
How do the cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?
They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA
Two parents are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 3:1 ratio for a particular trait. What does this suggest?
The parents were both heterozygous for a single trait
Consider pea plants with the genotypes GgTt and ggtt. These plants can each produce how many types of gametes?
Four, one
