Test 3 Flashcards
Convex on Concave
Opposite Direction
- Convex jt. Surface move on a concave jt. Surface
Concave on Convex
Same Direction
- Concave jt. Surface move about a stationary convex jt. Surface
Grade I
small amplitude movement at the beginning of the available ROM
Grade II
large amplitude movement at within the available ROM
Grade III
large amplitude movement that reaches the end ROM
Grade IV
small amplitude movement at the very end range of motion
Grade V
high velocity thrust of small amplitude at the end of the
Absolute Contraindications to Joint Mobilisations
Malignancy in area of treatment • Infectious Arthritis • Metabolic Bone Disease • Neoplastic Disease • Fusion or Ankylosis • Osteomyelitis • Fracture or Ligament Rupture
Purpose of Orthotics
Correct misalignment • Prevent deformity • Restrict or assist motion • Transfer load to improve function • Reduce pain
Purpose of prosthetic-
device that replaces the absent part of the limb
Halo
Fixation of cervical spine
Milwaukee brace
Brace prevents curve from increasing in Scoliosis
Thomas heel
correct calcaneus movement
Rocker bar
shift pressure from metatarsal joint
Heel wedge
alters alignment of the rear foot
SACH foot-(Solid Ankle cushion heel)
foot prosthetic, cushion for heel strike
Muscles needed for Transtibial
• good strength in Hip extension, Abductors
Main cause of amputations
- peripheral vascular disease, 50%-60% of ppl with PVD have diabetes
What determines level of amputation due to infection or disease
depends on region of adequate blood supply
Advantages of rigid post-op dressing
greatly limits postoperative edema and pain,
- enhances wound healing,
- allows for earlier ambulation with attachment of pylon and foot,
- allows for earlier fitting of the permanent prosthesis by reducing the length of time needed for shrinking the RL
disadvantages of rigid post-op dressing
prefabricated components can be expensive,
- components use and technique for fabrication requires special training or involvement of a prosthetist,
- requires close supervision during the healing stage
Phantom pain
Can be eased when wearing a prosthesis PT Interventions for pain include US • TENS • Icing • Massage
Where are amputees more likely to develop muscle contractures and can they be treated:
For BKA are the hip flexor and the knee flex
Tx: positioning in hip extension and knee extension;
o Spend time in prone position
o Sitting- keep knee in extension
Where are amputees more likely to develop muscle contractures and can they be treated:
For AKA are the hip flexor
Tx: position in hip extension
o Spend time in prone position
o Sitting- keep knee in extension
How soon should PT start with amputee
ASAP
Ankle foot orthotic (AFO)-
ankle and foot control
Knee-ankle-foot orthotic (KAFO)
Increase support for deformity
Hip-knee-ankle-foot- orthotic (HKAFO)-
Same as KAFO with pelvic bank
Arthrokinematics
Unobservable articular accessory motion between adjacent joint surfaces
roll, glide, and spin
Osteokinematics
motion of bone relative to 3 cardinal plane
• Sagittal Plane, Frontal plane, Horizontal Plane
Arthrokinematic Roll
New points on one surface come into contact with new points on the other surface
• Roll is always in the same direction as bone movement
Arthrokinematic glide-
Motion in which one constant point on one surface is contacting new points or a series of points on the other surface
• Slam on the brakes!
Arthrokinematic Spin
Rotation around a longitudinal stationary mechanical axis (one point of contact)
• Loss of traction!
Industrial Injury
RSI (Repetitive stress injury)
- Workman’s comp- malingering, litigation
- Treatment and prevention
Chin tuck progression
tuck chin and extend neck
Suprapinatus:
abduction, External rotation, Nerves: suprascapular n.
Infraspinatus
External rotation, Nerves: suprascapular n.
Teres minor:
ER, Nerves: axillary n.
Subscapularis
IR, Nerves: upper and lower subscapular n.
Upper Cross Syndrome
Weak cervical Flex
- Weak Rhomboid- lower trap
- Tight suboccipital- Tight upper trap
- Tight pectoralis
- Forward head
- Elevated protracted shoulder
- Increase cervical lordosis
- Winging of scapula
Tight Pectoralis Upper traps Levator scapula SCM Suboccipital Subscapularis Latissimus doris Arm flexors Weak Longus capitus Longus coli hyoids Serratus anterior Rhomboids Lower trap Arm extensor
