Test 1 Flashcards
Alveoli
terminal air space. nuemerous capillaries area of gas exhange
Adrenergic drugs
mimic actions of SNS
Anticholinergic
atagonist to action of parasympathetic nerve fibers gas exchange
Compliance
measure of distenability of a chamber expressed as change in volume per unit change in pressure
Cyanosis
bluish discoloration of skin 2/2 O2 blood deficency
Dead space
are in which there is no gas exchange
Lactate
a byproduct of oxidation; metabolism of sugar
Perfusion
passage of fluid (usually blood) throughout body
Pulse oximetry
determenation of atrial saturation of hemoglobin
Respiration
movement of gasses in and out of the lungs, (usually CO2 and O2), in an organism
Surfacant
lung liningfluid that reduces surface tension
Ventilation
movement of gasses in and out of lungs
Volume
space occupied by matter measured in liters or milliliters
V/Q Ratio
ratio of ventilation to perfusion
Acidosis
pathological increase in H+ concentration in arteriol blood
Alkadosis
decrease in H+ concentration of ateriol blood below normal
Apnea
cessation of breathing
Atelectasis
causes collapse of alveoli, reducing pulmonary compliance
Emphesymea
results in loss of elasticity, forcing exhalation to become active process.
Hemothorax
accumulation of blood in plueral space, usually 2/2 trauma.
Hypercapnemia
excess of CO2 in the blood.
Hyperventalation
increased alveolar ventilation, resulting in reduction of CO2
Hypoxemia
below norm O2 content in arterial blood 2/2 deficent oxygenation of the blood and reslting in hypoxia
Plueral effusion
accumulation of serous fluid in the plueral space
Pneumonia
increases pulmonary resistance 2/2 deceased compliance and airways narrowed by thick secretions.
Pnuemothorax
abnormal presence of air in plueral cavity
Pulmonary embolism
blood clot lodged in the lumen of a pulmonary artery causing severe respiratory dysfuction
Tachypnea
abnormally rapid, usually shallow respiratory rate.
