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PTA 160 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

granulation tissue

A

beefy, red, bumpy, shiny tissue in the base of an ulcer

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2
Q

epithelial tissue

A

pale or dark pink skin, first appears as wound borders

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3
Q

eschar

A

thick, hard, leathery black tissue; indicates dry, necrotic tissue

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4
Q

Slough

A

soft, yellow necrotic tissue

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5
Q

Macerated tissue

A

indicates too much water, white at edges

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6
Q

Purulent

A

yellow, green, white or tan;thick and opaque

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7
Q

Sanguineous

A

red with thin, watery consistency; indicates new vessel growth or disruption of blood vessels

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8
Q

Serous

A

clear, light color with thin, watery consistency

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9
Q

Serosanguineous

A

light red or pink with thin, watery consistency

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10
Q

collagens

A

wound healing by stimulating the deposit of collagen fibers

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11
Q

Hydrocolloids

A

carbohydrate based material and maintain moist wound bed

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12
Q

Hydrogels

A

made with water or glycerin base

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13
Q

Allignate

A

made from seaweed, can absorb large amounts of exudate

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14
Q

Fistula

A

abnormal passage between an organ or vessel

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15
Q

Calcium channel blocker

A

decrease the entry of calcium into vascular smooth muscle cells

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16
Q

Diuretics

A

increase the excretion of sodium and urine

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17
Q

Expectorants

A

increase respiratory secretions which help loosen muscles

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18
Q

Nitrates

A

decrease ischemia through smooth muscle relaxation and dilation

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19
Q

Beta Blockers

A

decrease myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate and contractability

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20
Q

Anticoagulant

A

inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation

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21
Q

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibator

A

decrease blood pressure and afterload by supressing a specific enzyme

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22
Q

5 functions of skin

A

find out

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23
Q

Superficial/1st Degree Burns

A

Epidermis layer damage
Signs: Redness, Slight Edema, Painful
Minimal tissue damage
Heals without scarring

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24
Q

Superficial Partial Thickness/2nd Degree Burn

A

Epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis
Full or partial loss of sweat and hair follicles
Very Painful as nerves exposed

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25
Q

Deep Partial Thickness /2nd degree Burns

A

Complete destruction of the epidermis and majority of the dermis
Diminished pain sensation (nerve endings destruction)
Color: Red or Waxy and white
Wet surface from broken blisters
Marked edema
Heals with scar formation

26
Q

Full Thickness/3rd degree Burn

A

Complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis through to subcutaneous tissue
May have damage of muscle, bone and interstitial tissues
Color charred or translucent white
Loss of pain sensation
Eschar formation

27
Q

Rule of Nines

A

Chart estimates the surface area or the size of a burn injury
Divides the body into 11 segments of 9% and genitals 1% each

28
Q

Inflammation:

A

normal immune response; initial vasoconstriction, then vasodilation; increased blood flow facilitates healing: increased oxygen to area, phagocytic cells, cleans wound in preparation for permanent repair

29
Q

Proliferation:

A

new tissue fills wounds as fibroblasts secrete collagen; angiogenesis occurs; granulation; epithelialization

30
Q

Remodeling

A

: type III collagen converts to type I; decreased capillaries; scar contracts and matures

31
Q

Nutrients that must be present for a healing wound

A 
Iron
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
Vitamin C
Zinc
Vitamin A
High protein

Vitamin B12 and folic acid: essential for RBCs to deliver oxygen to tissues
Vitamin c and zinc: for tissue repair
Vitamin A: stimulate collagen cross-linking
Protein: provides amino acids build new tissues

32
Q

imary intention

A

Surgical wounds

Approximating wound edges can occur through use of sutures, staples, glue, skin grafts or skin flaps

33
Q

Secondary intention

A

Wound heals on its own

Wound will close by contraction, re-epithelialization or a combination of both

34
Q

Tertiary intention

A

AKA delayed primary closure

Allowed to heal by secondary intention and then is closed by primary intention

35
Q

Partial thickness burns:

A

Cleansed with mild soap and dressed with topical agent

Antimicrobial ointment

36
Q

5 functions of skin

A 
protection
sensory perception
Thermoregulation excretion
metabolism & Synthesize 
absorption
37
Q

allograft/homograft

A

temporary from human cadaver

38
Q

Autograft

A

cadaver taken from pts body

39
Q

Heterograft/Xenograft

A

animal graft

40
Q

Dermatome

A

tool used to cut donor skin

41
Q

split-thickness graft

A

skin graft that contains the epidermus and superfiscial dermis

42
Q

goals of skin graft

A

stimulate new skin growth, reduce heat loss
blocks infection
minimize fluid
electrolyte and protein loss.

43
Q

grannulation

A

red

44
Q

slough

A

yellow

45
Q

eshar

A

black

46
Q

how to prevent contractures

A

opposite positions and anterior hyperextension position

47
Q

Stratum corneum

A

water proofing and protection

48
Q

stratum lucidrem

A

protect from infection

49
Q

stratum grannulation

A

new skin formulas

50
Q

stratum spinosum

stratum basale

A

melanocytes formation

51
Q

cellulitus

A

periwound inf

red, infected

52
Q

Infection side affects

A

fever pain redness sweling pain and odor

53
Q

antimicrodal dressing

A

silver or iodine

to inhibit bacteria

54
Q

venous positioning

A

elevate limb

55
Q

arterial positioning

A

dependent

56
Q

lymphatic positioning

A

elevate limb

57
Q

aging + wounds

A 
LESS
 o2 
elatisity
 immunity 
durmal mass 
durable
58
Q

VENOUS ulcer

A

medial shallow irregular hemondrin

59
Q

Arterial ulcer

A

lateral deep smooth edges diminished pulse

60
Q

lymphatic ulcer

A

irregular shallow oozing moist or blistered in skin edges is firm with fibrotic edema and cellulites.

PTA 160 (5 decks)

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