Test 3: 18th Century Design Approaches

Question 1

5 18th Century Design Approaches

Answer 1

1. Georgian/Federal
2. Neo-Palladianism
3. Archeological Neo-classicism
4. **Structural Neo-classicism **
5. **The Picturesque
   
   • *a.**The Beautiful
   • *b.The Sublime

Question 2

Georgian/Federal

Answer 2

location:

• • ** a. **England
  • • b.USA

key words:

   a. **"English Baroque"**
   b. **mannerist use of classical detail**
   c. **pattern books**

key text: Gibb’s Book of Architecture, 1728

iconic images:

   a. **Blenheim Palace**
   b. **St. Martin-in-the-Fields**
   c. **Vassall House**

Question 3

Neo-Palladianism

Answer 3

location:

   a. **England**
   b. **USA**

key words:

   a. **use of Renaissance precedent**
   b. **reaction to Baroque excesses**
   c. **a domestic architecture**

key text: Palladio’s 4 Books of Architecture

iconic images: Chiswick House

Question 4

Archeological Neo-classicism

Answer 4

location:

   a. **England**
   b. **France**
   c. **USA**

key words:

   a. ** clarity and morality of Antique models**
   b. **architectural decorum**
   c. **expansion of the Antique to include Greek, Etruscan, Egyptian**

key text: Stuart and Revett’s Antiquities of Athens, 1762-1830

iconic images:

   a. **Osterley Park**
   b. **University of Virginia**

Question 5

Structural Neo-classicism

Answer 5

location: France

key words:

   a. **natural origins of architectural principles**
   b. **the primitive hut**
   c. **purity and austerity
  * *d. **use of Renaissance, 17th c., and Gothic precedent**

key text:** Laugier’s Essay on Architecture, 1753**

iconic images: Le Pantheon (Paris)

Question 6

The Picturesque

Answer 6

location:

   a. **England**
   b. **France**

key words:
a. aesthetic appreciation
b.** stimulation of the senses
c. emotional response to art
d. composed natural world
e. garden follies
f . the Beautiful and the Sublime**

key text:** Edmund Burke’s An Inquiry into the Origins of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful, 1756**

Question 7

The Beautiful (The Picturesque)

Answer 7

keywords:

   a. **idyllic serenity**
   b. **lush landscapes**
   c. **calm**
   d. **Classical architecture**

iconic images:

   a. **Gardens at Blenheim**
   b. **Le Hameau**
   c. **paintings ****of Claude Lorrain**

Question 8

The Sublime (The Picturesque)

Answer 8

keywords:
a. delightful terror
b. astonishment
c. macabre
d. **dramatic
**e. chiaroscuro
f . Gothic ruins and Gothic Revival

iconic images:

   a. **Garden pavilion at Le Desert**
   b. ** paintings of Caspar David Friedrich**