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LPN-ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-1ST TEST > Test#3 > Flashcards

Test#3 Flashcards

Lessons 11, 12

1
Q

In adaptive immunity what are the cells called that remember a foreign antigen?

A

Memory cells

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2
Q

What are the most commonly used pulse sites

A

Popliteal, Femoral, Dorsalis, pedis (pedal) artery

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3
Q

Where are the most numerous valves located in the body?

A

Legs

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4
Q

Which artery supplies the small intestine?

A

Mesenteric

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the immune system?

A

Surveillance, defending maintaining balance (homeostasis)

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6
Q

What is natural acquired passive immunity

A

Type of immunity results when baby is born temporarily immune to same disease as mother

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7
Q

What controls blood pressure

A

Starlings law, Renin-angiotensin mechanism, heart, and kidney

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8
Q

Which WBC is the most numerous phagocyte?

A

Neutrophils

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9
Q

Which artery serves the pelvis?

A

Internal iliac

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10
Q

Define ‘anemia’

A

Low levels of hemoglobin and RBC’s that are classified as hypochromic

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11
Q

Define ‘hemorrhage’

A

Acute loss of blood from a blood vessel, pulse becomes higher and blood pressure drops

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12
Q

What is used to check the electrical activity of the heart?

A

ECG

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13
Q

What is the hormone that is produced to promote RBC formation?

A

Erythropoietin

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14
Q

What is blood doping?

A

Using blood transfusions to increase oxygen delivery to muscles during athletic events

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15
Q

Which vessels collect blood from capillaries and return it to the heart?

A

Veins

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16
Q

What is lacking in the blood with someone with Hemophilia?

A

Clotting factor VIII (8)

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17
Q

Define ‘aneurysm’

A

Section of an artery that has become abnormally widened

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18
Q

Which vein drains the liver?

A

Hepatic

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19
Q

What is an embolus?

A

Part of a clot that has become dislodged

20
Q

Define ‘Tachycardia’

A

Fast heart rate over 100bpm

21
Q

In pregnancy, where could difficulty arise with the RH blood factor?

A

When a RH negative woman and a RH positive man have a baby

22
Q

What is the name of the hearts ‘ natural pacemaker’?

A

SA node

23
Q

What structure bypasses the liver in fetal circulation?

A

Ductus-venosous

24
Q

The lymphatic system is also part of the _________ system.

A

Circulatory

25
Q

Know the layers of the artery

A

Tunica external (outer layer), Tunica Media (middle layer), Tunica intima (inner layer)

26
Q

What term describes the electrical activity that triggers contraction in the heart?

A

Depolarization

27
Q

The ‘thigh’ is supplied by the ______ artery.

A

Femoral

28
Q

What age group is the thymus function most important?

A

Early childhood

29
Q

What is the largest artery of the body?

A

Aorta

30
Q

Why is the middle layer of the vein thin?

A

It does not regulate BP(blood pressure)

31
Q

What should a person who is allergic to latex avoid?

A

Condoms

32
Q

What blood cell carries the most O2?

A

RBC’s (red blood cells)

33
Q

_________ is released during an allergic response.

_________ is what counteract it.

A

Histamine;

Antihistamine

34
Q

What is the best way to limit use of hypertension medication?

A

Lose weight

35
Q

What is the pH of the blood?

A

Slightly alkaline

7.3-7.7

36
Q

What is the purpose of the ‘hepatic portal circulation’?

A

Removing excess glucose and storing it in the liver as glycogen, removing various poisonous substances in blood, and detoxifying blood

37
Q

What does ‘systole’ refer to?

A

Contraction

38
Q

What system is the spleen a part of and where is it located?

A

Lymphatic system; under the diaphragm

39
Q

What are the Signs and Symptoms of inflammation?

A

Swelling, pain, warmth

40
Q

Antibodies are ______ molecules.

A

Protein

41
Q

Define hemorrhoids

A

Varicose veins that are swollen and distended, can occur during pregnancy, or sitting or standing for long periods of time

42
Q

Define ‘gangrene’

A

Necrosis (dead cella/skin) that has progressed to blackened decay

43
Q

What is the ‘fluid’ present between the pericardial membranes of the heart?

A

Serous

44
Q

What happens to the ‘arterioles’in the dermis when exposed to cold weather

A

They constrict to conserve heat

45
Q

Vaccines contain a non-pathogenic antigen that stimulate production of _________ and memory cells.

A

Antibodies

LPN-ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-1ST TEST (6 decks)

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