Test 2 - Virology L1 Flashcards
Kto odkrył polio
Jonas Salk has discovered vaccine for polio
All viruses have two key components:
1) Genome
Encodes all information necessary to direct production of new viruses
2) Container for genome
Has all that is required to get the genome to the right place and protect it on the way
As particles viruses are inert:
- No homeostasis
- No response to stimuli
- No ribosomes, so no protein synthesis
Viruses diameter to antibody comparison
Viruses (20-300 nanometres), where 12 nanometres is antibody
all that is needed to create a basic virus is called …
Nucleocapsid (capsid and nucleic acid):
Capsid- protein shell containing the nucleic acid
Genome- DNA or RNA
Matrix/ Tegument-
layer between capsid and envelope
Envelope-
host derived membrane enclosing nucleocapsid contains viral glycoproteins (very important component, lipid bilayer, decorated with viral glycoproteins)
TMV -
tabacco mozaics virus
Mimi-
“mimicking microbe”, not human virus, second largest capsid in diameter (400nm) (with protein filaments 100nm from each side, it adds up to 600nm)
FMDV-
The foot-and-mouth disease virus
Herpes: Alpha from Beta/Gamma:= kiedy
200-220 MYBP
Global pandemic is 1 group of HIV:
(HIV 1m)
Zoonotic infection-
from animals eg HIV - primate virus
Opisz 5 origin of viruses
1) Progressive: mobile genetic elements become autonomous Retrotransposons 2) Regressive: derived from a more complex progenitor Complex viruses Mitochondria 3) Virus First: predate cells RNA World Ribozymes 4) None of the above 5) All of the above
przypomnienie
Summary
Virus particles are small and inert
Virus replication is dependent on a host cell
The virus must use a host function or provide its own
The origin of viruses is not known
New viruses (zoonoses) regularly appear
