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NUR - TEST 2 > TEST 2 - UNIT B - EF - QUALITY IMPROVEMENT > Flashcards

TEST 2 - UNIT B - EF - QUALITY IMPROVEMENT Flashcards

1
Q

The focus of quality improvement (QI) is

A

improving quality of care and client safety.

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2
Q

QI and quality assessment (QA) are different approaches to achieving

A

similar outcomes. The QI approach is proactive and process driven, whereas the QA approach is reactive and problem driven.

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3
Q

Basic steps in the QI process include

A

identifying, analyzing, developing, and testing/implementing.

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4
Q

Standardization is the part of the QI plan that makes a

A

process manageable, consistent, and easier to monitor.

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5
Q

Quality indicators include measures that monitor client safety and identify

A

potential risks of client interactions.

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6
Q

Nursing-sensitive quality indicators focus on

A

elements of client care that are affected by nursing care; they are classified as either structure, process, or outcome indicators.

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7
Q

The most common QI model is the

A

plan–do–study–act (PDSA) model.

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8
Q

QI tools used in the improvement process include

A

flow charts, histograms, and run charts.

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9
Q

Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is the

A

ongoing measurement, assessment, and improvement of quality initiatives to provide quality care and safety to clients.

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10
Q

Under CQI, a risk management (RM) plan is developed that includes

A

incident reporting, CEA, and sentinel, adverse, and never events.

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11
Q

Client satisfaction, cost-effective care, and performance evaluation are also part of a

A

RM plan.

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12
Q

There are both differences and overlaps among

A

QI, EBP, and research.

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13
Q

QI evaluates

A

effectiveness of nursing care and steps to improve care to achieve positive clinical outcomes.

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14
Q

EBP integrates

A

research with clinical knowledge and client values to improve practice.

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15
Q

Research is a

A

systematic approach to test theories and determine which practices would generate an improvement of quality of care.

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16
Q

· adverse event

A

o Any event that is not consistent with the desired or normal operation.

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17
Q

· audit

A

o Identifies errors or discrepancies of documentation of nursing care.

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18
Q

· continuous quality improvement (CQI)

A

o An ongoing measurement, assessment, and improvement of quality initiatives to provide quality care and safety to clients utilizing the QI tools and models.

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19
Q

· cost-effective

A

o The minimal expense of dollars, time, and other elements used to achieve results.

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20
Q

· cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA)

A

o Compares health care interventions to see which is most effective for the least amount of money without producing negative client outcomes.

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21
Q

· evidence-based practice (EBP)

A

o A problem solving approach to client care that uses the most accurate scientific evidence partnered with clinical expertise and client values.

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22
Q

· histogram

A

o A specific form of a bar chart that displays the distribution of continuous numerical value.

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23
Q

· Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS)

A

o A data collection survey utilized to measure client’s perception of their inpatient experience.

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24
Q

· Leapfrog Group

A

o A nonprofit organization that conducts free, annual surveys of hospitals and ambulatory care centers on a voluntary basis. Measurements included in the survey align with TJC, CMS, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

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25
Q

· never event

A

o An adverse event that should never occur.

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26
Q

· outcomes

A

o Includes measurable results that may be positive or negative.

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27
Q

· plan–do–study–act (PDSA) model

A

o A four-step process for quality improvement that includes plan, do, study, act.

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28
Q

· process

A

o Measures the mechanisms of the care provided.

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29
Q

· process flow chart

A

o A visual diagram used to clarify a complex process by providing a visual view of the steps in a sequential manner

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30
Q

· quality assurance (QA)

A

o Reactive, problem-driven measures to improve client outcomes and improve healthcare delivery.

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31
Q

· quality core measures

A

o Are standardized processes and best practices created to improve client care.

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32
Q

· quality improvement (QI)

A

o Proactive, process-driven, systematic actions to improve client outcomes and improve performance in healthcare delivery.

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33
Q

· randomized controlled trial (RCT)

A

o A research study in which study participants are randomly divided into 2 or more groups. After being assigned to groups, participants in one group receive the treatment being tested while clients in the other group receive a standard or control treatment.

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34
Q

· risk management (RM)

A

o The identification, evaluation and prioritization of risks to eliminate or mitigate their probability or severity or to leverage opportunities.

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35
Q

· root cause analysis (RCA)

A

o A systematic process that focuses on identifying the cause of an event and developing an action plan with strategies aimed at preventing future events.

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36
Q

· run chart

A

o A visual aid using lines to connect data points depicting how a process or information has changed over time.

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37
Q

· sentinel event

A

o Any event causing serious injury or death to a client in healthcare facility. Sentinel events can include, medication error, transfusing the wrong blood type, client suicide, or wrong-site surgery.

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38
Q

· standardization

A

o The process of creating and implementing consistent guidelines, methods, steps, processes, or practices that improve the quality of care and client safety.

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39
Q

· structure

A

o The condition or environment in which the care is provided.

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40
Q

The nurse should evaluate the results of the change to determine

A

effectiveness.

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41
Q

after idenitfying a problem what is the next step to take, Evidence-based practice indicates the next step the nurse should take is

A

to complete a literature review using credible sources of evidence.

42
Q

Outcome audits are a

A

quality improvement tool used to measure the results of client care.

43
Q

Routine equipment checks are not part of an

A

outcome audit.

44
Q

Quality assurance is a system that focuses on a

A

problem-driven approach to improve client outcomes and promote a safe physical environment.

45
Q

Routine maintenance checks are part of the

A

quality assurance process and are performed to ensure equipment is in proper working order.

46
Q

The case manager coordinates client care throughout the course of an

A

illness. Routine equipment checks are not part of a case manager’s responsibility.

47
Q

Quality improvement (QI) is a system that focuses on a

A

preventative approach to improve client outcomes and promote a safe physical environment.

48
Q

Routine equipment checks are not part of a___ program.

A

QI

49
Q

After completing a literature review, what is the next step to take? EBP indicates the next step the nurse should take is to

A

recommend changing the procedure to the policy and procedure committee.

50
Q

NPSGs were established to

A

improve quality of care by addressing certain client safety concerns.

51
Q

Client safety concerns include

A

infection prevention, reduced medication and surgical errors, improved client identification, and increased communication among staff members.

52
Q

Improving staff retention is not a goal addressed in the

A

NPSGs.

53
Q

Increasing client satisfaction is not a goal addressed in the

A

NPSGs.

54
Q

Increasing client involvement in their plan of care is not a goal addressed in the

A

NPSGs.

55
Q

The HCAHPS tool is provided to clients

A

48 hr to 6 weeks after discharge from a facility to measure client satisfaction of health care service.

56
Q

The HCAHPS tool is issued to clients via a

A

phone call or through the postal mail.

57
Q

The HCAHPS tool is issued to measure

A

client satisfaction about health care service.

58
Q

HCAPS information is publicly reported and ensures the

A

accountability and transparency of the facilities that participate.

59
Q

The “Study” step of the PDSA model includes

A

reviewing the data and summary of the results of the plan.

60
Q

The “Plan” step of the PDSA model includes

A

the creation of a plan to implement the process change.

61
Q

The “Do” step of the PDSA model includes

A

implementing the plan.

62
Q

The “Act” step of the PDSA model includes

A

acting or adapting to the changes according to the testing.

63
Q

Recognizing a problem is part of the _______ step in EBP. (Evidence Based practice)

A

*identifying

64
Q

Evaluating whether the practice changes decreased the infection rate is part of the ____ step of EBP.

A

*reviewing

65
Q

Researching credible sources of evidence for best practices is part of the ______ step in EBP.

A

searching

66
Q

Incorporating the new practice into client care is part of the _______ step of EBP.

A

implementing

67
Q

The four criteria used to identify core measures are

A

research, proximity, accuracy, and adverse effects.

68
Q

Quality core measures are standards of care required for

A

health care facilities to ensure they are providing best practices of care.

69
Q

Core measure data is collected by the health care facility and is submitted to

A

The Joint Commission.

70
Q

Implementing the new guidelines to decrease client falls is part of the _____ step of the PDSA model.

A

Do

71
Q

Developing guidelines to decrease falls is part of the_____ step of the PDSA model. In the planning step, the need for a change is identified, and plans are developed to initiate the change.

A

“Plan”

72
Q

Reviewing whether the new guidelines are effective in reducing client falls is part of the____ step of the PDSA model.

A

“Study”

73
Q

Accepting the new guidelines to reduce client falls is part of the______ step of the PDSA model.

A

“Act”

74
Q

A study examining environmental factors that lead to obesity is an example of a

A

case-controlled study.

75
Q

A study comparing a group of people who have diabetes mellitus with a group of people who do not have diabetes mellitus is an example of a

A

case-controlled study.

76
Q

A study examining the cause of falls in a long-term care facility is an example of a

A

case-controlled study.

77
Q

The nurse should include that a study randomly assigning people who smoke into either an experimental group or a control group to determine the effects of a new therapy to reduce smoking is an example of a

A

RCT.???? Confirm what this means

78
Q

Benchmark is a part of

A

quality measurement that is based on a desired industry standard.

79
Q

A benchmark is a

A

desired standard to guide quality improvement.

80
Q

Structure is a *

A

quality measurement category that includes the environment in which care is provided, such as staffing, availability and function of equipment, and layout of a facility.

81
Q

Outcome is a *

A

quality measurement category that includes the results of care that was provided.

82
Q

Outcome evaluates the *

A

effectiveness of care delivered, such as wound healing or presence of infection.

83
Q

Medication reconciliation is included in the process category of *

A

quality measurement.

84
Q

The process category includes activities of

A

delivering care, such as administering medications, implementing fall precautions, and performing a medication reconciliation.

85
Q

A client vomiting after receiving an oral medication is not a situation that requires an

A

incident report. The nurse should notify the charge nurse or the provider if this occurs.

86
Q

A client refusing to take a medication is not a situation that requires an

A

incident report. The client has the right to refuse, and the nurse should notify the charge nurse or the provider if this occurs.

87
Q

The nurse should administer time-critical medications within

A

30 min before or after the scheduled time.

88
Q

Administering the wrong medication to a client requires an

A

incident report. The nurse should monitor the client for adverse effects and report the incident to the charge nurse or the provider.

89
Q

Developing a plan to implement change is included in the _____ step of the QI process.

A

developing

90
Q

Evaluating the results of the plan is part of the_______&_________step of the QI process. In this step, the nurse determines whether revisions to the plan are needed.

A

testing and implementation

91
Q

In this step, of the QI process, the nurse determines whether revisions to the plan are needed.

A

testing and implementation

92
Q

Recognizing a problem and a need for change is included in the______ step of the QI process.

A

identifying

93
Q

Implementing the plan is included in the_____step of the QI process.

A

implementation

94
Q

According to EBP, the first action the nurse should take is to

A

identify a clinical problem.

95
Q

A sentinel event is a

A

serious, reportable event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe injury to a client.

96
Q

Examples of sentinel events include

A

wrong site surgery, client suicide while in a health care facility, and infusion of an incompatible blood product.

97
Q

A client fall is considered an

A

adverse event that requires an incident report.

98
Q

An incident report is used to

A

evaluate the cause of an incident in an effort to prevent the incident from occurring again.

99
Q

If a client who is confused wanders out of a unit, it is considered an

A

adverse event that requires an incident report.

100
Q

A needlestick injury is considered an

A

adverse event that requires an incident report.

NUR - TEST 2 (12 decks)

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