Test 2 Review Flashcards
Osteoblasts
Bone producing cells
Osteoclasts
Remodel bone
Resorb bone
When a fracture occurs…
Blood vessels in the bone and the periosteum are damaged, resulting in bleeding and subsequent clot formation
One week from a fracture
Fibroblasts have begun laying down a fibrous collagen network.
The fibrin strands within a blood clot
Serve as framework for proliferating vessels
Isokinetic exercise
Speed doesn’t change no matter the force
Later in rehab process
Allows exercise at speeds more functional
Closed chain exercise
In space with ground contact
Push up, power cleans
Open chain exercise
Done in space with NO ground contact
Knee extension
Arm circles
Impetigo contagiosa
Caused by streptococci and it S aureus.
Wrestling!!
Mild itching and soreness with crust vesicles that rupture. From close contact.
Tetany
Muscle contraction through stem
Ultrasound
Tissue heating or healing Stimulates repair of soft tissue and relieves pain 1 MHz deeper 3 MHz superficially 104-113
Underwater ultrasound
Body part submerged
Ultrasound head 1” from surface
Water is coupling medium
Major rehab components
Minimize initial swelling RICE
Control pain
Limit ROM
Muscle fibers 1 and 2
1 slow twitch. Endurance
2 fast twitch. Skill
Therapeutic rehab
Post injury. Will have some conditioning
Conditioning
Pre injury
Proprioceptive neuromuscular control
Awareness of body in space. CNS
Kinesthetic neuromuscular control
Awareness while doing other things. CNS/PNS
How to contract Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Ticks
Hyperhydrosis
Excessive feet sweating
High in NaCl
Referred pain
Pain felt at a point of the body other than actual origin.
Female athlete triad
Eating disorder.
Amenno.
Osteoporosis
DOMS
Delayed onset muscle soreness. 24-48 hours
Synovial fluid
Analysis can detect musculoskeletal infections
Provides lubrication, shock absorption, and nutrition to joint
Tendon
Muscle to bone. Connective tissue
Ligament
Bone to bone.
Dense connective tissue of fibroblasts
Fracture healing order
1 broken blood vessels form fracture hematoma
2 blood vessels grow into fx and fibrocartilage soft callus forms
3 fibrocartilage ossifies and forms spongy bone callus
4 osteoclasts remove excess tissue from bone callus
Comminuted fracture
Shattered. Whole bunch of pieces.
Linear fracture
In line with bone. Down the middle
Transverse fracture
Around. Perpendicular to the shaft
Oblique fracture
Diagonal break
Spiral fracture
Spiral. Twist then break
Effleurage massage.
Nice massage.
Light/deep stroking
Petrissage massage
Kneading. For loose and heavy tissue
Friction massage.
Heat producing. Joints and tissues are thin
Tapotement massage
Percussion. Stimulates nerves
Vibration massage
Rapid shaking. Relax and soothe. Speciality areas
Deep transverse friction massage
Speciality for muscles, tendons, ligaments
Massage direction
Stroke towards heart to ensure proper lymphatic and venous drainage
Rehab phases
Preop and 1 2 3
Rehab preop phase
Maintaining strength and flexibility p
Rehab phase 1
Acute inflammatory response
Day 1-4
Of healing to control and clean injured tissue
Rehab phase 2
Fibroblastic repair
Day 4-weeks
When I inflammation is down, swelling stopped, tender, no pain, rehab starts
Rehab phase 3
Maturation-remodeling phase
Weeks-years
Return to activity, regain activity, specific skills
How to advance in rehab
Achieve goals for each phases
Too aggressive in rehab signs
Increased swelling Increased pain Loss of strength Loss in ROM Increased laxity
Proprioception
Awareness of body in space
CNS
Kinesthetic
Awareness while doing other things
CNS and PNS
Isokinetic exercises
Speed doesn’t change no matter the force later in rehab process
Allows exercises at speeds more functional
Machines
Isotonic exercises
Shortens and lengthens muscles through a complete range of motion
Snatch, power cleans, free weights, bands
Isometric exercises
Early rehab phases
Increases strength to decrease atrophy
Core stabilization, pelvic hips
Hyperhydrosis
Excessive feet sweating
High in NaCl
Herpes simplex
Skin/mucous membrane infection
Transmitted directly through lesion in skin or mucous brand
S/s tingling before lesions; feeling Ill
Herpes labialis
Cold sores
Herpes simplex gladiatorum
Lesions on neck, face, shoulders
WRESTLERS
Herpes zoster
Shingles
Blister types
Intact
Open
Denuded
Intact blister care
Leave skin, clean, pad, monitor
Open blister care
Clean, dry, lay skin back over, monitor
Denuded blister care
1/2” or more, remove skin, clean, dress, monitor
Diabetes 1
Children <35, insulin deficiency
Diabetes 2
Obese people
Bronchial asthma
When triggered by exercise it’s exercise induced
Triggered by stressors, infections, environment change
Spasm of bronchial wall smooth muscles, narrowing of airway and inflammation of mucous membrane
Regular exercise programs help
Female athlete triad
Eating disorders
Amenorrhea
Osteoporosis
Tension
Force that pulls or stretches tissue
Compression
external loads applied towards one another on opposite surfaces in opposite directions
Shearing
Equal but not directly opposite loads on opposing surfaces forcing them in parallel directions
Bending
2 force pairs act at opposite ends of a structure
3 forces cause bending
Already bowed structure is axially loaded
Torsion
Twisting in opposite directions from opposite ends of a structure causing stress
Tissue loading forces all
Produce stress and strain
Abrasion
Scrape
Laceration
Jagged cut
Puncture
Puncture
Incision
Clean cut
Avulsion
Skin torn away
Bone function
Body support Organ protection Movement Calcium storage Formation of blood cells
When leukocytes line up along he wall of blood vessels
Margination
Iontophorisis
Uses electrical current to derive ions into body tissues
Phonophorosis
Transports through skin with ultrasound
Viral vs bacterial
Viral has no cure bacterial has a cure
Ideal fungal growth climate
Warm and moist
Athletes foot
Tinea pedis
Disease you test for using cerebral spinal fluid
Meningitis
Viral infection causing yellow mouth discharge
Herpes
Rocky Mountain spotted fever cause
Ticks
