Test 2 Review Flashcards
What kind of compounds have low retention times in gas chromatography?
Compounds with LOW boiling points (cannot h-bond). Those that are volatile)
What kind of compounds have high Rf values in thin layer chromatography ?
compounds that are NONPOLAR (will be at top of TLC plate)
What determines the mobile phase in TLC ?
the mobile phase is the solvent that the silica plate in TLC is eluted with.
if solvent is polar, the molecule that will move farther with mobile phase will have to be polar
What is capacitance? Give an equation
Capacitance: the charge stored per unit voltage
Q= VC or C= Q/V
What is the equation for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
C= k Eo A/d
k = dielectric constant
E0= universal constant (permittivity of space)
A= area
d= distance between plates (thickness of membrane)
What are some unique qualities about RNA?
-RNA is susceptible to alkaline hydrolysis (due to OH group at 2’C)
- rRNA are synthesized in nucleolus
-trNA have unique and modified bases aside from traditional 4 bases (A, U, C G)
-RNA have enzymatic functions (ribozymes)
What is the law of reflection ?
Law of reflection : Angle of incidence= angle of reflection
Does blue light or red light have shorter wavelength ? How does this affect frequency
BLUE light has SHORTER wavelength and hence Higher Frequency
What is the continuity equation ?
A1V1=A2V2
A= cross sectional area (pi x r^2)
V= flow speed.
Flow speed is inversely proportional to cross sectional area
What are the properties for meso compounds ?
internal plane of symmetry
-two or more chiral centers
-the chiral centers must have opposite configuration (R and S)
What can alter enzyme function ?
Decreasing pH
What causes ketone bodies to increase ?
Ketone bodies increase when there are carbohydrates lacking and body begins to utilize fats for energy
how can ketosis occur with someone with untreated type 1 diabetes ?
Individual with untreated type 1 diabetes would have DECREASED glucose inside cells leading to cellular starvation Even if blood glucose is high. This leads to using fats for energy, causing ketosis
What is ketoacidosis ?
ketoacidosis is a decrease in blood pH due to the buildup of ketone bodies.
what can help the issue of ketoacidosis ?
Since blood pH is low, the body would drive towards expelling as much CO2 as possible by hyperventilating (increasing respiratory rate)
