Electrochemistry and Nuclear chemistry

Question 1

In a galvanic cell, what will be the half reaction with the higher reduction potential?

Answer 1

will be REDUCTION and take place at Cathode

Question 2

When a nucleus has too many neutrons in the nucleus, the predicted decay will occur with emission of which particle?

Answer 2

Beta particle since they have high n^0/p ratios

Question 3

During nuclear decay, describe the time elapsed for each successive half-life interval:

Answer 3

time will be different from previous one

Question 4

What is the standard reduction potential formula (E cell) ?

Answer 4

E cell = E oxidation + E reduction

Question 5

What happens during alpha decay?

Answer 5

mass number decreases by 4 and proton number decreases by 2

(e- are emitted from nucleus in alpha decay)

Question 6

What Is the least dangerous type of ionizing radiation?

Answer 6

ALPHA DECAY

Question 7

What are characteristics of Beta Decay ?

Answer 7

mass number stays the SAME
but you increase atomic number by 1
Beta decay has high neutron /proton ratios and are MORE Dangerous than alpha decay

(electrons emitted from nucleus)

Question 9

What happens in positron emission ?

Answer 9

Beta plus (electrons emitted from nucleus)
-Mass number stays the SAME and atomic number (decreases by 1)
-nuclei with high p+/n0 ratios

Question 10

What occurs during Electron Capture

Answer 10

Electron are ABSORBED from nucleus
No change in mass number
atomic number DECREASES by 1
Nuclei with high p+/n^0 ratios

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Gamma Decay ?

Answer 11

Nuclei are in EXCITED State
-No change in mass number or atomic number
accompanies nuclear reactions
-MOST DANGEROUS type of reaction with highest penetrating ability

Question 12

What occurs in stable nuclei ?

Answer 12

Stable nuclei tend to have the SAME or slightly more neutrons than protons.

Question 13

What happens if a nucleus becomes unstable (due to absorption of neutrons) ?

Answer 13

If a nucleus becomes unstable as a result of absorbing a neutron, then its mass number is too high and it needs to convert a neutron to a proton.

Question 14

Differentiate between electrolytic and galvanic cells for spontaneity

Answer 14

Galvanic cells: SPONTANEOUS
electrolytic cells: non-spontaneous

Question 15

Differentiate between cathode and anode ?

Answer 15

Reduction occurs at Cathode
Oxidation occurs at Anode
(Red Cat ; An OX)

Question 16

What happens to other metals if one metal has higher reduction potential than rest?

Answer 16

If reduction potential of one metal is more negative, it will act as an ANODE to each of the other metals, saturating them with electrons and slowing oxidative damage

(these other metals will be cathodes)

Question 17

What is the sign of E cell in spontaneous reaction ?

Answer 17

E cell will be positive