Electrochemistry and Nuclear chemistry Flashcards
In a galvanic cell, what will be the half reaction with the higher reduction potential?
will be REDUCTION and take place at Cathode
When a nucleus has too many neutrons in the nucleus, the predicted decay will occur with emission of which particle?
Beta particle since they have high n^0/p ratios
During nuclear decay, describe the time elapsed for each successive half-life interval:
time will be different from previous one
What is the standard reduction potential formula (E cell) ?
E cell = E oxidation + E reduction
What happens during alpha decay?
mass number decreases by 4 and proton number decreases by 2
(e- are emitted from nucleus in alpha decay)
What Is the least dangerous type of ionizing radiation?
ALPHA DECAY
What are characteristics of Beta Decay ?
mass number stays the SAME
but you increase atomic number by 1
Beta decay has high neutron /proton ratios and are MORE Dangerous than alpha decay
(electrons emitted from nucleus)
What happens in positron emission ?
Beta plus (electrons emitted from nucleus)
-Mass number stays the SAME and atomic number (decreases by 1)
-nuclei with high p+/n0 ratios
What occurs during Electron Capture
Electron are ABSORBED from nucleus
No change in mass number
atomic number DECREASES by 1
Nuclei with high p+/n^0 ratios
What are the characteristics of Gamma Decay ?
Nuclei are in EXCITED State
-No change in mass number or atomic number
accompanies nuclear reactions
-MOST DANGEROUS type of reaction with highest penetrating ability
What occurs in stable nuclei ?
Stable nuclei tend to have the SAME or slightly more neutrons than protons.
What happens if a nucleus becomes unstable (due to absorption of neutrons) ?
If a nucleus becomes unstable as a result of absorbing a neutron, then its mass number is too high and it needs to convert a neutron to a proton.
Differentiate between electrolytic and galvanic cells for spontaneity
Galvanic cells: SPONTANEOUS
electrolytic cells: non-spontaneous
Differentiate between cathode and anode ?
Reduction occurs at Cathode
Oxidation occurs at Anode
(Red Cat ; An OX)
What happens to other metals if one metal has higher reduction potential than rest?
If reduction potential of one metal is more negative, it will act as an ANODE to each of the other metals, saturating them with electrons and slowing oxidative damage
(these other metals will be cathodes)
What is the sign of E cell in spontaneous reaction ?
E cell will be positive