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HDM (Sophia's) > Test 2 Prep > Flashcards

Test 2 Prep Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of FcRn?

A

Helps bring IgG into to endothelial cells and protects it in endosomes –> releases IgG for recirculation
responsible for taking IgG from mom to fetus

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2
Q

What are the 3 major things that make High-affinity B-cells survive after contacting Tfh cells?

A
  1. BCI-2 expression is induced upon Ag recognition –> anti-apoptosis
  2. CD40L/CD40 signalling w/ Tfh cells –> promotes survival
  3. Fas inhibitors are activated –> prevent apoptosis
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3
Q

Once IgG coats a microbe, what happens?

What is this process called?

A

IgG binds Fc receptor on phagocytes

This is opsonization!

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4
Q

What is the Fc receptor is involved in Ag-Ab complexes that can bind the BCR and and FcR at the same time?
What part of the antibody binds this receptor?

A

FcgammaRIIB

Fc region of Ab

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5
Q

What is the product of something binding to FcgammaRIIB on B cells?

A

inhibition of B signaling

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6
Q

What is the function of RcepsilonRI?

A

receptor on eosinophils and mast cells

IgE binds RcepsilonRI –> degranulation and parasite killing

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7
Q

What does B cell deficiency result in?

A

recurrent bacterial infections

often causing otitis media and pneumonia

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8
Q

What does T cell deficiency result in?

A

viral, fungal, and protozoal infections

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9
Q

How can multiple myeloma be detected?

A

will see a large spike in Igs of only one type

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10
Q

What Ab response is still intact in DiGeorge syndrome?

A

IgM immune response

can’t do isotype switching bc T cell deficient, but IgM ok

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11
Q

If skin allergen skin testing is positive w/in 30 min, what type of sensitivity is shown?

A

Immediate hypersensitivity

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12
Q

What type of hypersensitivity uses IgG and IgM, but never IgE?

A

type II hypersensitivity

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13
Q

What are the diseases mentioned that are type III sensitivity?

A

SLE
serum sickness
arthus reaction
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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14
Q

What are the clinical syndromes associated w/ type I hypersensitivity?

A

brochial asthma
food allergies
anaphylaxis

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15
Q

What are the clinical syndromes associated w/ type II hypersensitivity?

A 
hemolysis reactions
rheumatic fever
goodpasture syndrome
graves' disease
myasthenia gravis
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16
Q

What is the main difference btw type II and type III hypersensitivities?

A

In type II, your Abs bind your own tissues –> reaction

in type III, your Abs make complexes w/ other stuff –> floats around and causes reactions

17
Q

What are the clinical syndromes associated w/ type IV hypersensitivity?

A 
contact sensitivity
MS
type I diabetes
TB
toxic shock syndrome
Crohn's disease
18
Q

What cytokines are required to isotype switch to IgE?

A

IL-4

IL-5

19
Q

What cytokines are required to isotype switch to IgG?

A

IFN-gamma

20
Q

What cytokines are required to isotype switch to IgA?

A

TNF-beta

21
Q

What type of lymphocytes are in the paracortical areas of lymph nodes?

A

B cells

22
Q

What form does the ag need to be in for type IV hypersensitivity?

A

protein form

bc T cell dependent

23
Q

What part of an IgM antibody binds with complement?

A

the Fc region

24
Q

If Th17 cells are overexpressed, what IL is most likely inhibited?

A

IL-23

produced by macrophages to activate

25
Q

What cytokine induces PD-1 expression in T cells?

A

INF gamma

26
Q

What transcription factor helps make perforin and granzymes in CTL cells?

A

Tbet

27
Q

What do IL-7 and IL-15 do?

A

induce anti-apoptotic genes that memory T cells

28
Q

What chemokine do follicular DCs release to attract B cells to the follicle?

A

CXCL13

29
Q

People with what type of t cell deficiency causes the worse version of leprosy (lepromatous)?

A 
th1 deficiency
(or Th2 dominanty immune system)
30
Q

What does retinoic acid do?

A

TGF beta and IL-2 with retinoic acid –> Treg

inhibits

HDM (Sophia's) (10 decks)

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