Test 2 (Nervous System) Flashcards
What is makes up the Central Nervous System ?
Brain and Spinal Chord
What makes up the Peripheral Nervous System?
Is the action potential in the nervous system, this is the body’s sense receptor, (skin, ears, touch), muscles glands.
The Spinal Chord is known as “The Great Highway of Information”. This Highway allows what movement?
The spinal chord allows voluntary and involuntary movement to pass through.
What is the process of a reflexes response? (Hand on Hot Cup)
1- touch cup
2 inter-neurons send info to spinal chord (cross section)
3 spinal chord releases motor neurons to hand to let go
4 at the same time info is carried to the thalamus
5 then it is brought to the somatosensory cortex.
In the PNS there is the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System (What is sympathetic and Parasympathetic?) describe these two systems in detail.
Somatic Nervous System consist of all the nerves that connect to sensory receptors and skeletal muscles.
SNS-TO-CNS-TO- Skeletal Muscles
Autonomic Nervous Systemis responsible for involuntary Tasks, Heart Rate, Digestion, Pupil Dilation, and breathing.
Sympathetic - Arouses the body and puts it to action fight or flight
Parasympathetic- Calms down the body and conserves energy “Relaxation Response “
What is the Endocrine System?
A type of communication system that uses hormones to transmit information.
What happens if you have to much testosterone?
What if you have to little?
To Much- Gigantism
To little- Dwarfism (hypopituitary Drawf)
Name the parts of the Endocrine System and their function.
There are Eight Parts.
Hypothalamus-Controls Pituitary
Pituitary Gland- Influence Growth and Lactation; responsible for the secretion of other hormones to other glands.
Pineal Gland- helps regulate sleep cycle and body rhythm.
Thyroid-Controls Metabolism
Parathyroid- Regulation of Calcium Level in the Blood
Adrenal Gland- Affects Sexual functions, helps respond to stress, regulate salt balance, and the arouse the body.
Pancreas-Controls blood sugar levels
Testes and Ovaries- Male/Female Hormones.
What is Insulin?
It is a Pancreatic hormone that allow cells to use sugar from the blood.
In the Brain What are the parts of the Hind Brain and what are their functions?
Pons- Have to do with movement, walking, sleep, respiration, and dreaming
Medulla Oblongata- Involuntary functions that are vital like respiration and heart rate.
Cerebellum- has to do with voluntary muscle movement, balance, and some perception and cognition.
In the Brain What are the parts of the Mid Brain and what are their functions? What is the Reticular Function?
Helps orient our eye and body movement to visual and auditory stimuli and works with Pons to regulate sleep and levels of arousal.
RF- Help Screen incoming Sensory Info and Alerts the Higher brain centers to important events.
In the Brain What are the parts of the Fore Brain and what are their functions? There are Four Big Parts One of Which has Four Sub-Parts.
Hypothalamus-Controls basic drives like hunger, controls the pituitary Gland Also known as the “master control center” for hunger, sex, thirst, and aggression.
Thalamus-Brain Sensory Switchboard; receives input from nearly all the sensory systems except smell, then denotes it to the appropriate cortical areas, involved in learning and memory.
Limbic System- is the Thalmus, hypothalamus, Amygdala, Hippocampus. The Hippocampus is there for the formation and retrieval of memories. The Amygdala is there for the production and regulation of emotions.
Cerebral Cortex- “The Essence of Life” it is responsible for complex behaviors and higher mental processes. The gray wrinkles on the cerebral cortex is called convolutions” and this holds Billions of Neurons .
What is the Frontal Lobe and what are the Two other sections of the Frontal Lobes
The Frontal Lobe Receives information and coordinates messages from other lobes; motor control, speech production and higher functions.
Brocas Area- Controls Speech Production
Motor Cortex- Controls Voluntary Movement
What is Parietal Lobe? What is additional portion of the parietal Lobe?
The Parietal Lobe receives and Interprets Bodily Sensations.
Somatosensory Cortex- Receives Sensory Messages
What is the Occipital Lobe? What additional portion is there?
The Occipital Lobe takes part in vision and visual perception.
Visual Cortex- Receives and Processes Visual information
