test 2 matter Flashcards
do solids have a shape
yes
do solids have a volume
yes
how are the particles of solids
they are tight
how is it to compress solids
it is difficult
do liquids have a shape
no
do liquids have volume
yes
how are the particles of liquids
loose
how is compressing liquids
difficult
does gas have a shape
no
does gas have volume
no
how are the particles of gas
very loose
how is compressing gas
easy
what do all particles do
they vibrate
what does state depend on
temperature and pressure
how does a solid become a liquid
melting or fusion
how does a liquid become a gas
vaporization or evaporation
how does a gas become a solid
deposition
how does a solid become a gas
sublimation
how does a gas become a liquid
condensation
how does a liquid become a solid
solidification, crystallization, freezing
what is a pure substance
the same type of particles throughout
what are the two types of pure substances
elements and compounds
what is an element
a pure substance made of one kind of atom, can not be broken down by chemical means (or physical)
what is a compound
a pure substance made of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds, and combines in fixed proportions
what is a mixture
substances are physically mixed together
what are the two types of mixtures
homogenous and heterogeneous
what is a homogenous mixture
a mixture that is uniform throughout . you can not see different layers. can also be called a solution
what is a heterogeneous mixture
a mixture that is not uniform throughout, you ca see layers
how are mixtures separated
physically
the properties of a compound are different from what
the properties of the elements
why are the properties of a compound different from the properties of the elements
because when the elements combine chemically their properties change
the properties of a mixture are the same as what
the properties of substances
why are the properties of mixture the same as the properties of substances
because they were mixed physically, not chemically
what are the ways that you can separate a mixture
picking the pieces out magnetism evaporation crystallization decantation filtration centrifugation distillation chromatography
what is evaporation
a gas separating from a mixture
what is crystallization
a solid separating from a liquid
what is decantation
pouring off a liquid after the solid settles at the bottom
what is filtration
separating a solid from a liquid using filter paper
what is centrifugation
separate a solution by density
what is distllation
separate a solution by boiling points
what is chromatography
separate a solution by rate at which its components are absorbed
what is physical property
an aspect that is observed without changing matter
what is luster
the ability to reflect light
what is viscosity
the thickness of a liquid
what is solubility
the ability to dissolve
what is conductivity
ability to conduct electricity
what is ductility
ability to drown into a wire
what is malleability
ability to be hammered into thin sheets
what is chemical property
an aspect that is observed by changing matter
what is effervescent
giving off bubbles
what is extrinsic property also called
extensive property
what is extrinsic property
depends on the amount of volume
what is intrinsic property also called
intensive property
what is intrinsic property
does not depend on the amount of matter
what is melting point
temperature that a solid becomes a liquid
what is a boiling point
the temperature that a liquid becomes a solid
what is a freezing point
the temperature that a liquid becomes solid
what is a physical change
a change in matter that does not change the identity of a substance. a new substance does not form
what is a chemical change
a change in matter that changes the identity of a substance. a new substance does form
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass
states that mass is not created or destroyed during a chemical change
what are the main chemical change evidences
gas, light, color, odor, endothermic, exothermic, precipitate
what is endothermic
a substance that absorbs heat (cool container)
what is exothermic
a substance that gives off heat (warm container)
what is a precipitate
an insoluble solid that forms in a solution
