gases notes Flashcards
k temp
degrees celsius + 273
what is STP
Standard Temperature and Pressure (0 degrees C) and (1 atm)
kinetic molecular theory.. gas particles are
- much smaller than the spaces between them
- in a constant, random, motion
- do not attract or repel each other
in the kinetic molecular theory… what happens when gas particles collide
kinetic energy is not lost, because the collisions are elastic
THE AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF GAS DEPENDS ON
the temperature of the gas
what is pressure
a result of collisions between gas particles and the walls of a container
units of pressure
mmHg, torr, atm, kPa
1.00 atm =
760mmHg, 760 torr, 101.325 kPa
Barometer
an instrument that measures gas pressure
what does Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure state
that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of all the gases in the mixture
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure formula
P total= P1+P2+P3+Pn
what is constant in Boyle’s Law
tempertaure
boyle’s law states
pressure and volume are inversely proportional
boyle’s law formula
P1 x V1 = P2 x V2
what is constant in Charle’s law
pressure
in charle’s law, temperature is
in Kelvin
charle’s law states
volume and temperatuew are directly proportional
charles’s law formula
v1 / T1 = v2/ t2
Gay-Lussac’s Law what is constant
volume
for all laws temp is
kelvin
gay-lussac’s law states
pressure and volume are directly proportional
gay-lussac’s law formula
P1/T1 = P2/T2
as volume increases
pressure decreases
as temperature increases
volume and pressure increase
combined gas law formula
p1 x v1 / t1 = p2 x v2 /t2
what does avogadro’s principle state
an equal volume of different gases contain an equal number of molecules at the same tempertaure and pressure
avogadro’s principle formula
v1 / n1 = v2/ n 2
n is number of molecules
why was the concept of ideal gas created
to model the behavior of a real gas because real gas is difficult to describe
ideal gas is
- useful at low pressures and high temperatures
- do not attract or repel each other
- do not have volume
ideal gas law
PV = nRT
or PV= nR x temp
(n is the number of moles)
