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Anatomy > Test 2 Lecture 1 Pericardium > Flashcards

Test 2 Lecture 1 Pericardium Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Pericardium

A

Fibrous Sac surrounding the heart and roots of great vessels

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2
Q

Where does pericardium fuse inferiorly and superiorly

A

Superiorly: Adventitia of Superior vena cava, ascending aorta and pulmonary arteries
Inferior: Central Tendon of Diaphragm

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3
Q

What attaches the paracardium to the sternum

A

Attached superiorly by two sternocardial ligaments

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4
Q

How is neck connected to the pericardum

A

Pretrachial fascia in the neck descends to fuse with anterior surface of the pericardium

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5
Q

How is posterior pericardium attached

A

Membranous connective tissue attaches the pericardium to tracheal bifurcation and main bronchi

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6
Q

What overlaps the pericardium

A

Two pleural sacs and the lungs

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7
Q

What drapes over the peracardium laterally

A

Mediastinal Plura

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8
Q

What is sandwiched between Pleura and Pericardium

A

Phrenic Nerve, Pericadiophrenic artery and Vein

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9
Q

What does Pericardium contact posteriorly

A

Esophagus, descending aorta and Main Bronchi

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10
Q

What migrates medially during pericardium development

A

Pleruopericardial Folds migrate medially and bring phrenic nerves with them

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11
Q

What is the Pericardium

A

Fibrous Sac surrounding the heart and roots of great vessels

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12
Q

What happens as pleuropericardial folds migrate medially

A

The roots of each pleuropericardial fold migrates Ventrally

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13
Q

What happens at end of 5th week

A

The pleuropericardial folds fuse partitioning the thoracic cavity into pericardial cavity and pleural cavity

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14
Q

When do pleuropericardial folds start migrating

A

Begininning of 5th week

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15
Q

What makes up the outer layer of pericardium

A

Dense connective tissue called fibrous pericardium

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16
Q

What is on the inner part of pericardium

A

Inner serous part includes the parietal and Visceral Layer

17
Q

What is the serous part of pericardium

A

Enclosed sac inbetween parietal and Visceral layer called the pericardial cavity

18
Q

What is the function of firbous pericadium

A

it is inelastic and functions to retain heart in position and limit distension

19
Q

What does the parietal layer of heart adhere to

A

Pericardium

20
Q

What is the Visceral layer of heart called and what is it called

A

Binds loosely to the heart and is also called epicardium

21
Q

What is located under epicardium

A

Loose connective tissue containing fat and blood vessels

22
Q

What is the heart completely invested in ?

A

Epicardium

23
Q

What is special about the posterior irregular area of the heart

A

Instead of being invested in epicardium the irregular area between vena cava and pulmonary veins myocardium contacts fibrous pericardium

24
Q

During the third week of development heart is forme from cells that form a horseshoe shaped region called

A

Cardiogenic Region

25
Q

Endocardial Tubes

A

By day 19 these tubes form and they fuse together to form single primitive heart tube

26
Q

This forms most of the right ventricle and parts of overflow tracts for aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

Bulbis Cordis

27
Q

Forms most of the left ventricle

A

Primitive Ventricle

28
Q

Forms anterior parts of right and left atria

A

Primitive atrium

29
Q

Right and Left Horn, forms the superior vena cava and part of right atrium

A

Sinus Venosus

30
Q

When does heart begin to beat

A

Day 22

31
Q

What forms transverse pericardial sinus

A

Primitive atrial and venous ends are brought together

32
Q

What forms oblique pericardial sinus

A

Veins expand and pericardial reflection is carried out around them

33
Q

What constitues the blood supply to the pericardium

A

pericardiophrenic arteries, musculophrenic arteries, branches of thoracic aorta (bronchial, esophageal and superior phrenic) and coronary arteries (Visceral layer only)

34
Q

What constitues venous drainage for the pericardium

A

pericardiophrenic vein, internal thoracic vein and branches of azygous system

35
Q

what provides somatic sensory innervation to fibrous and parietal layers of paricardium

A

Phrenic Nerves

36
Q

What provides visceral sensory to epicardium

A

Cardiac Plexuses

37
Q

Does Epicardium feel pain?

A

No, it is insensitive to pain

38
Q

What is the mediastinum

A

Portion of thoracic cavity between the lungs

39
Q

What four regions can the mediastinum be divided into

A

Anterior mediastinum, Posterior Mediastinum, Middle mediastinum, Superior Mediastinum

Anatomy (6 decks)

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