Anatomy HSF II Lecture III

Question 1

Somatic Innervation

Answer 1

Concerns innervation of body wall, like skin and skeletal muscle

Question 2

Visceral Innervation

Answer 2

Concerns Internal Organs. Example Heart

Question 3

Functional dichotomy of Nervous System: Body Wall

Answer 3

Somatic Sensory and Somatic Motor

Question 4

Functional Dichotomy of Nervous System: Internal Organ

Answer 4

Visceral Sensory and Visceral Motor (synonomus witih autonomic)

Question 5

What are target tissues for visceral motor innervation

Answer 5

Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle and Gland. Under Unconscious control.

Question 6

Is Visceral Innervation a two or one neuron pathway

Answer 6

Two neurons connect the CNS to Target Tissue.

Question 7

Is Visceral Innervation a two or one neuron pathway

Answer 7

Two neurons connect the CNS to Target Tissue.

Question 8

Somatic Innervation

Answer 8

Concerns innervation of body wall, like skin and skeletal muscle

Question 9

What are components of Visceral Motor Innervation?

Answer 9

Sympathetic Innervation and Parasympathetic Innervation

Question 10

What are increases in sympathetic innervation usually associated with

Answer 10

Energy Expenditure and increased metabolic Rate

Question 11

What is constricted during sympathetic innervation of visceral organs

Answer 11

Pulmonary Arteries

Question 12

Where is blood flow decreased during sympathetic response

Answer 12

Digestive Organs

Question 13

What uses a 2 neuron pathway

Answer 13

Both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Visceral Innervations.

Question 14

Where is the cell body of Neuron in a visceral innervation

Answer 14

In the CNS somewhere

Question 15

Where is the ganglion for a 2 neuron system

Answer 15

in the organ or body somewhere

Question 16

Where is the preganglyonic cell body for sympathetics

Answer 16

T1- L2 levels of spinal cord only. (thoracolumbar distribution)

Question 17

Where are the pre-ganglyonic cell body distributions for parasympathetics

Answer 17

S2-S4 or the brain

Question 18

What are the pre and post ganglionic neurons like in Sympathetic innervation

Answer 18

Pre-Ganglyonic is usually shorter. Post Ganglyonic is Long

Question 19

What are Pre- and Post ganglyonic neuron like for parasympathetic innervation

Answer 19

Preganglyonic: Long. Post ganglyonic; Usually located in the target organ. So for parasympathetic the entire nerve will be preganglyonic

Question 20

What is never used in Organ Innervation?

Answer 20

Grey Ramus Communicantes

Question 21

Nerve Pathway for above the Diaphgram Sympathetic.

Answer 21

Preganglyonic cell body in lateral horn > Spinal Nerve Root Proper > White Ramus Communicantes (Synapse) > Thoracic Splanchlic Nerve (Post ganglyonic axon) > thoracic organ

Question 22

Sympathetic Pathway to abdominal organ

Answer 22

Lateral Horn > Spinal Nerve Proper > White Ramus Communicantes (No synapse) > Organ > Post ganglyonic on the organ. (Abdominal Splanchlic Nerve)

Question 23

What are plexuses associated with in Thorax?

Answer 23

Organs

Question 24

What are plexuses associated with in Abdomen

Answer 24

Blood vessels

Question 25

Where does parasympathetic innervation come from for thorax organs

Answer 25

Vagus Nerve

Question 26

Where does parasympathetic innervation come from for abdominal organ

Answer 26

Vagus Nerve (CN X). Pelvis and lower abdomen from Sacral Nerves S2-S4

Question 27

Where are parasympathetic post ganglyonic cell bodies located

Answer 27

Directly on walls of Organs.

Question 28

Does spinal cord injury impact parasympathetic

Answer 28

No because it bypasses the spinal cord. Comes directly from brain

Question 29

What are the splanchlic nerves in Pelvis? (symp or para)

Answer 29

Parasympathetic

Question 30

Path of Lower pelvic innervation

Answer 30

Lateral Horn > Ventral Root > Spinal Nerve Proper > Ventral Ramus > Organ. Called Pelvic Splanchlic Nerve

Question 31

How is visceral Pain and Visceral Afferent Different?

Answer 31

Visceral afferents are sensory other than pain. They have different path and perception differenc

Question 32

Define Visceral Pain

Answer 32

Dull, duffused and poorly localized. You can identify the quadrant the pain is coming from but not exact location

Question 33

Some things that can cause viscearl pain

Answer 33

Ischemia, prolonged muscle contraction, muscle cramping and stretching. Cutting tearing temp won’t have any impact on visceral pain receptors

Question 34

Visceral Pain pathway Thorax and Abdomen

Answer 34

They follow sympathetic pathway backwards all the way to spinal nerve proper. Then they pass through dorsal root like sensory gangli. Their cell body is found in Dorsal Root Ganglia

Question 35

What pathways to visceral Pain for Pelvis follow

Answer 35

They follow parasympathetic pathways. Cel bodies found in dorsal root ganglia

Question 36

What kind of neuron pathway is sensory?

Answer 36

One Neuron Pathway. Passes through sympathetic ganglia without doing anything

Question 37

For parasympathetic is there a synapse in dorsal root ganglion

Answer 37

NO

Question 38

Visceral Afferents

Answer 38

Most aren’t percieved conciously. They regulate autonomi processes

Question 39

What carriers visceral afferent for thorax and upper abdomen?

Answer 39

Vagus Nerve

Question 40

What carrier visceral afferent for lower abdomen and pelvis

Answer 40

Pelvic Splanchlic Nerve

Question 41

What is special about Vagus Sensory

Answer 41

It is the only sensory that has nothing to od with dorsal root ganglia. It passes through Vagal Ganglia

Question 42

Referred Pain

Answer 42

Pain in Visceral Organ triggers pain at the dermatome in skin. Dermatome that belongs to same spinal cord level as the nerve that innervates impacted organ

Question 43

Mechanism for referred pain

Answer 43

May involve crossing of signals in dorsal horn