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History 2112 > Test 2 Key Terms > Flashcards

Test 2 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Good Neighbor Policy

A

Foreign policy announced by FDR in 1933 that promised the US would not interfere in the international or external affairs of another country, thereby ending US military interventions in Latin America

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2
Q

NYE Committee

A

In 1933 a series of neutrality acts were passed between 1933 and 1937 designed to prevent entanglements in foreign wars. They prohibited making loans and selling arms to nations at war. Headed by Gerald Nye

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3
Q

Neutrality Acts

A

Legeslation passed between 1935 and 1937 that sought to avoid US entanglement in foreign wars whilst protecting trade

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4
Q

Appeasement

A

British strategy aimed at avoiding war with Germany in the late 1930s by not objecting Hitler’s policy of territorial expansion

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5
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

At dawn on September 1st 1939, Hitler unleashed his blitzkrieg (lightning war) onto Poland. Triggered Soviet attacks onto eastern Poland and declarations of war from France and Great Britain 2 days later

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6
Q

Lend Lease Act

A

Legeslation oassed in 1941 that enabled Great Britain to gain arms from the US without cash, bit with the promise to bay it back later once the war was over.

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7
Q

Atlantic Charter

A

A statement issued on August 14th 1941 that set out goals for the US and Great Britain after WWII

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8
Q

Pearl Harbor Attack

A

On December 7th 1941, Japan attacks US national base at Pearl Harbor in Oahu, Hawaii. This event caused the US to join the war.

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9
Q

Executive order 9066/ Japanese Internment Camps

A

On Feb. 19th 1942, FDR issued this executive order which authorised sending Americans with Japanese descent to 10 makeshift internment camps.

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10
Q

Korematsu Decision

A

The suoreme court decision that upheld executive order 9066 blatant violation of the constitutional rights due to “military necessity” in 1944

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11
Q

Selective Service Act

A

This act required all men who were eligible for the military to register for the draft in the event that the US does go into WWII. Also prohibited discrimination in the military on the basis of “race or color”

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12
Q

Battke of Midway

A

June 3-6 1942 naval battle in the central pacific in which American forces surprised and defeated the Japanese who had been massing an invasion force aimed at Midway island. This battle put Japan at a disadvantage for the rest of the war.

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13
Q

Double V Campaign

A

WWII campaign in the US aimed to attack racism at home and abroad. FDR authorised a comittee to investigate and prevent racial discrimination in employment

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14
Q

Executive order 8802

A

In mid 1941, this authorised the committe on fair employment practices to investigate and prevent discrimination in the workplace

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15
Q

GI Bill of Rights

A

Legeslation passed in 1944 authorizing the government to provide WWII veterans with funds for education, housing, and health care, as well as loans to start businesses and buy homes

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16
Q

Holocaust

A

German effort during WWII to murder Europe’s jews, along with other groups the Nazis deemed “undesireable”

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17
Q

D-Day

A

June 6th 1944. The day that the Allies invaded France. The largest assault in world history. Opened a second front against the Germans and led allies closer to victory in Europe

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18
Q

Yalta Conference

A

A secret conference held in Feb. 1945 with the US, Great Britain, and Russia to discuss post world war plans

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19
Q

Manhattan Project

A

US top secret project to beat Germany to building the atomic bomb

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20
Q

Reconstruction Finance Committee (RFC)

A

Federal agency established by Hoover in 1932 to help American Industry by lending government funds to endangered bakpnks and corporations, which hopefully benefited poor people through trickle down economics. It did not.

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21
Q

Bonus Marchers

A

WWI veterans who marched on Washinton DC in 1932 to lobby for immediate payment of thr pension (bonus) promised to them in 1924. Hoober believed that this bonus would bankrupt the government.

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22
Q

Scottsboro Boys

A

9 African American youths who were arrested for the alleged rape of 2 white women in Scottsboro, Alabama in 1931. After an all white jury senteced them to death, the communist party took action and saved them from thr electric chair.

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23
Q

New Deal Coalition

A

Political coalition that supported FDR’s New Deal and the Democratic Party. Including farmers, factiry workers, immigrants, city dwellers, women, African Americans, and progressive intellectuals. Dominated American politics during and well after FDR

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24
Q

Underconsumption

A

A situation where farmers and factories would produce more than people consumed. This caused factories to lay off workers and farmers to loose money

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25
Q

FDIC

A

Regulatory body established by thr Glass-Stegal banking act that gaurenteed the federal government would reimburse deposits if a bank were to fail.

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26
Q

Federal Emergency Relif Administration (FERA)

A

In May 1933, suppourted 4-5 Million households with $20-$30 a month. Also created jobs for the unemployed on public works projects

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27
Q

Civil Works Administration (CWA)

A

Put paychecks worth more than $80 million into the hands of previously jobless workers. Earning wacpges of 40-60 cents an hour, laborers built schools, sewers, roads, etc.

28
Q

Civilian Conservation Corps

A

A federal relif program established in March 1933 that provided assistance in the form of jobs to millions of unemployed men and token number of women.

29
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority

A

In May 1933, they built dams along the Tennessee river to supply poverished communities with cheap electricity

30
Q

Agricultural adjustment act

A

Act passed in May 1933 aimed at cutting agricultural production and raising crop prices and farmers income. It paid farmers not to grow crops

31
Q

National recovery administration

A

Established June 1933 to promote industrial recovery. Encouraged industrialists to voluntarily adopt codes that give fair working conditions

32
Q

Workers progress administration

A

Established in 1935, provided government funded public works jobs to millions of unemployed Americans in the Great Depression

33
Q

Wagner act

A

1935 law that gauventeed industrial workers the right to organize into labor unions

34
Q

Social security

A

New deal program created in 1935 to provide a modest income for the elderly. Also created unemployment benefits with modest benefits

35
Q

Court packing plan

A

Law proposed by FDR to add 1 new supreme court justice for each existing judge who had served for 10 years and was over the age of 70

36
Q

Fair labor standards act

A

June 1938, reiterated new deal pledge to provide workers with a decent standard of living

37
Q

Teapot dome

A

Nickname for a scandal in which interior secretary Albert Fall accepted $400,000 in bribes for leasing oil reserves on public land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming

38
Q

Dawes plan

A
  1. Solved the issue of WWII reparations that Germany had to pay
39
Q

Henry Ford

A

Creator of ford motor company and the assembly line. Made cars cheaper easier to produce

40
Q

Welfare capitalism

A

Industrial programs for workers that become popular in the 1920s. Made work life better for workers.

41
Q

Installment buying

A

1920s way of buying expensive things. Small downpayment then pay a little each month

42
Q

Prohibition

A

18th amendment that banned the manufacturing and selling of alcohol. Went into effect in January of 1920. Almost impossible to enforce, ended in 1933

43
Q

New woman

A

1920s New version of a woman. Women could drink, smoke, party, all the things that women could not have done before. Also changed the sexual double standard

44
Q

New negro

A

Turn referring to African Americans who challenged racial hierarchy.

45
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

An era in the 1920s that highlighted black literature, music, and art in the United States

46
Q

Lost generation

A

A group of artists in the 1920s that felt alienated from America’s materialistic mass cultured society. Ex: F. Scott Fitzgerald and the Great Gatsby

47
Q

Johnson-Reed act

A

A law passed in 1924 that severely restricted immigration in the us to 161,000 people a year, with quotas for each European country

48
Q

Klu Klux Klan

A

Revived in the 1920, in stone mountain, Georgia. Attacked blacks, immigrants, Catholics, anyone who was not white and prodestant. Also allowed women in the Klan

49
Q

Scopes trial

A

Trial against a biology teacher who taught his students evolution. Started adebate betueen urban and rural values

50
Q

Boxer uprising

A

Uprising in China led by the boxers, an anti foreigner group. Started when Christians went to chines to convert people. 350 Christians and 30,000 converts killed

51
Q

Monroe doctrine

A

1823 declaration that the western hemisphere is closed off to colonization by eastern countries. In exchange, the US would not interfere in the east

52
Q

Open door policy

A

Insisted by John hay in 1899-1900. Granted that big powers in the east h had access to trade with China and that Chinese sovereignty be maintained

53
Q

Spanish American War

A

A war between Spain and the US over Cuba. The US wanted Cuba to be free from Spanish rule. in the end the US won Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philipines

54
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

Term first given to sensationalistic newspaper and cartoon images rendered in Yellow. Fueled suppourt for Spanish American War

55
Q

Platt Amendment

A

A series of provisions that granted the US the right to intervene to protect Cuba’s “independence” and power to oversee Cuban debts

56
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

1904 follow up on the Monroe Doctorine. The US had the right to intervene in Latin America, but the eastern countries didn’t

57
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany, Austria Hungary, and Italy

58
Q

Triple Entente

A

Great Britain , France, and Russia

59
Q

U-Boats

A

German submarienes tused in WWI, sank the Lusitania

60
Q

Lusitania

A

British passenger boat that was torpedoed by German U-Boats on May 7th 1915. This event challenged US neutrality in WWI

61
Q

Zimmerman Telegram

A

A telegram sent by Germany to Mexico. Saying that if Mexico sided with Gremany and distracted the US, Germany would give some of Mexico’s “lost territory” back. Intercepted by Great Britan and the US was informed.

62
Q

Bolshevik

A

Russian revolutionaries that seized power in 1917, and withdrew Russia from WWI

63
Q

American Expenditionary Force

A

US armed forces who fought under a separate American command during WWI. Fully entered in 1918.

64
Q

18th Amendment

A

Started prohibition era on Jan. 1st 1920, banning the manufacture and sale of alcohol

65
Q

19th Amendment

A

Gave women the right to vote.

History 2112 (6 decks)

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