test 2 - hematomas

Question 1

accumulation of blood in the potential space between the inner table of the skull and the stripped off dural membrane

Answer 1

epidural hematoma

Question 2

occurs 2% of pt’s with head injuries

5-15% pt’s with fatal head injuries

Answer 2

EDH

Question 3

EDH is a ____ bleed

Answer 3

arterial

Question 4

period of time when pt is upright, talking, then topples over

Answer 4

lucid period

Question 5

caused by a focused blow to the head

Answer 5

EDH

Question 6

EDH is most commonly located at what skull site

Answer 6

temporal

Question 7

EDH ___ outnumber ___ 4:1

Answer 7

males outnumber females 4:1

Question 8

untreated death usually results in ____ hours of EDH

Answer 8

6-24

Question 9

neurological deficits of EDH

Answer 9

visual field def

aphasia

weakness

numbness

Question 10

____ response is indicative of elevated intracranial pressure

bradypnea

bradycardia

hypertension

Answer 10

cushing response

Question 11

CSF physical finding

Answer 11

leakage resulting from skull fracture with disruption of the dura

otorrhea

rhinorrhea

Question 12

what is a hemotympanum

Answer 12

bruise somewhere other than where hit

Question 13

ipsilateral dilation of the pupil due to compression of the oculomotor nerve

Answer 13

anisocoria

Question 14

what are the three parameters of the Glasgow Coma Scale

Answer 14

eye opening

verbal response

motor function

13-15 : mild

9-12 : moderate

3-8 : severe

less than 8 are in coma

Question 15

glasgow - eye scale

Answer 15

Question 16

glasgow verbal scale

Answer 16

Question 17

glasgow motor scale

Answer 17

Question 18

how to score Glasgow Coma Scale score

Answer 18

E__V__M___ = GS ___

do not just write GS___

Question 19

decorticate posturing indicates damage to

Answer 19

mesencephalic region or the corticospinal tract

Question 20

decorticate pos.

Answer 20

flexed

Question 21

decerebrate pos.

Answer 21

extended

Question 22

decerebrate posture indicates

Answer 22

brain stem damage

Question 23

prime imaging for immediate un-enhanced scan

Answer 23

CT

MRI is too slow

Question 24

rapid clotting blood collection below the inner layer of the dura but external to the brain and arachnoid membrane

Answer 24

subdural hematoma

Question 25

subdural hematoma is a ____ bleed

Answer 25

venous bleed

slow (7-28 days)

Question 26

acute subdural hematomas develop in what 3 ways

Answer 26

bleeding by a damaged cortical artery

bleeding from underlying parenchymal injury

tearing of bridging veins from the cortex to one of the draining venous sinuses

Question 27

subacute subdural hematoma phase begins ____ after injury

Answer 27

3-7 days

clotting

Question 28

chronic phase of subdural hematoma begins about ____ weeks after acute injury

Answer 28

2-3 weeks

dissolution of the clot

Question 29

T/F SDH is more common in people older than 60

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

GCS score less than ___ after blunt head trauma, in a patient with no intoxicating substance use, warrants immediate CT scan

Answer 30

15

Question 31

hematomas presenting 21 days or more after injury

Answer 31

chronic SBH

Question 32

hematomas that present 4-21 days after injury

Answer 32

subacute SDH

Question 33

the highest incidence of CSDH cases are in adults aged

Answer 33

70-79 years

Question 34

CSDH - ___% have an interval of 1-4 weeks before symptoms develop

Answer 34

25

Question 35

CSDH - __% experience symptoms from 5 weeks to 3 months before their hospital admission

Answer 35

25

Question 36

CSDH - ____ of pts have no asymptomatic period

Answer 36

1/3 (33%)

Question 37

what sign is in about 50% of CSDH pts

Answer 37

hemiparesis: weakness of one entire side of the body