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Tri 4 - Neuro Lecture > Lecture 1 - dysosmia, agnosia, visual pathway > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - dysosmia, agnosia, visual pathway Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three most common odors available during olfactory test

A

cinnamon, coffee, cloves

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2
Q

when testing smell, which embryonic structure is most involved

A

telencephalon

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3
Q

which smell mostly upregulates parasympathetic activity in the brain/body

A

peppermint

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4
Q

what are the two quantitative alterations of smell

A

anosmia

hyposmia

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5
Q

the absence of the sense of smell

A

anosmia

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6
Q

the diminished olfactory sensitivity

A

hyposmia

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7
Q

qualitative alteration or distortion of the perception of smell

A

dysosmia

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8
Q

distortion in the perception of an odorant; smells different than I remember

A

parosmia

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9
Q

perception of an odor when there is no odorant present

A

phantosmia

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10
Q

inability to classify, contrast, or identify odor sensations verbally, even though the ability to distinguish between smells may be normal

A

agnosia

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11
Q

when viewing the Snellen chart, how far away should the patient be

A

20 feet

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12
Q

when viewing the Rosenbaum chart, how far should the patient be

A

14 inches

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13
Q

if optic nerve is altered, what are the two categories of delema

A

eye problem

pathway lesion

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14
Q
A

optic nerve

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15
Q
A

optic tract

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16
Q
A

optic chiasm

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17
Q
A

optic cortex

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18
Q
A

lateral geniculate nucleus

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19
Q
A

left anopia

20
Q
A

left nasal hemianopia

21
Q
A

bitemporal hemianopa

22
Q
A

left homonymous hemianopia

23
Q
A

right superior homonomous quadrantanopia

24
Q
A

right inferior homonomous quadrantanopia

25
Q
A

right inferior homonomous quadrantanopia with central sparing

26
Q

left anopia the lesion is seen where and what 2 kinds of lesions

A

lesion in L optic nerve

  • meningioma
  • orbital tumor
27
Q

left nasal hemianopia the lesion is seen where and what is the most common cause of the lesion

A

lesion at left lateral chiasm

  • aneurysm of upper internal carotid
28
Q

bitemporal hemianopia the lesion is mostly found where and what are the 3 most common causes

A

lesion at the medial chiasm affecting only decussating fibers

  • pituitary tumors (adenoma)
  • prolactinoma
  • craniopharyngioma
29
Q

left homonomous hemianopia the lesion is mostly found where and caused by what

A

lesion in R optic tract

  • tumor in the medial wall of the temporal lobe
30
Q

what is the function of the lateral geniculate nucleus

A

point at which the superior and inferior visual fields come together

31
Q

right superior homonomous quadrantanopia lesion is where

A

lesion in left superior temporal lobe

32
Q

right inferior homonomous quadrantanopia lesion is where

A

lesion in left parietal lobe

33
Q

right inferior homonomous quadrantanopia with central sparing lesion is found where

A

lesion in left parietal lobe

34
Q

pupil <2mm in diameter

A

mitotic pupil

35
Q

pupil > 6mm in diameter

A

mydriatic pupil

36
Q

if CN III (oculomotor) is not functioning, the pupil will

A

dilate

37
Q

when a patient is asked to look at a distant object, the pupil’s

A

widen (get far)

38
Q

when a pencil is placed 4-6” from patients eye and is told to focus upon it, what should happen

A

eyes converge

pupils constrict

lens thicken (should ask them to read pencil)

39
Q

having a patient look a far, then suddenly focus upon a close object is called

A

testing for accommodation

40
Q

what reflex is tested in ascessing for abnormal pupillary responses

A

pupillary light reflex

41
Q

what are the two categories when reporting/testing pupillary light reflexes

A

direct

consensual

42
Q

L direct in PLR tests what CN

A

L II

L III

43
Q

L consensual in PLR tests what CN

A

R II

L III

44
Q

R direct in PLR tests what CN

A

R II

R III

45
Q

R consensual in PLR tests what CN

A

L II

R III

46
Q

case: R direct PLR is not responsive. L direct and L consenual are responsive. What is status of R consensual response and where is lesion?

A

R consensual is not resposive, R III

Tri 4 - Neuro Lecture (10 decks)

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