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care/preventative athletic injury > test 2 blood borne pathogens > Flashcards

test 2 blood borne pathogens Flashcards

1
Q
  • microorganism that causes disease
  • present in human blood and bodily fluids
A

blood borne pathogen

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2
Q

__ and ___ have higher possibility of spreading

A

HBC and HCV

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3
Q
  • Spread through sharp objects, open wounds, bodily fluids
  • Swelling, soreness, loss of normal liver function
  • Increased dramatically in last 10 years
  • Can survive for 2-3 weeks in dried blood.
A

HBV

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4
Q

Signs
Flulike symptoms
Fatigue, weakness, nausea, headaches, fever, jaundice
Can go undetected
Prevention
Good personal hygiene
Avoid high risk activities
Vaccine – 3 shots over 6 months

A

signs and prevention of HBV

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5
Q
  • Acute and chronic form of liver disease
  • 67% of HCV infections result in liver disease
  • Most common blood borne infection
  • Spread by contact with blood of infected person
  • Tattoo palors
A

HCV

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6
Q

Signs

  • Jaundice, dark urine
  • Mild abdominal pain (URQ), loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue
  • Muscle or joint pain

Prevention

  • Follow routine barrier precautions
  • Safely handle needles, sharp objects
  • No Vaccine
A

signs and prevention of HCV

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7
Q
  • Family of viruses that invade normal, healthy cells
  • Destroys immune system
  • Transmitted through exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids
A

HIV

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8
Q

Fatigue, weight loss, muscle or joint pain
Painful or swollen glands, night sweats, fever
High risk of developing AIDS
No protection against simplest infections

Prevention
Understand the risks of certain behaviors
Make educated and safe choices
Management
No Vaccine
No Cure
Research being done with “drug cocktails”

A

signs, prevention and management of HIV

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9
Q

athletes with HIV can’t be discriminated against because of what act

A

americans with disability act

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10
Q
  • 1991 OSHA guidelines to protect health care provider and patient – minimize risk of exposure and transmission
  • All open skin wounds must be covered prior to practice/game
  • Athlete with active bleeding must be removed from participation
  • Uniforms must be cleaned and/or changed before returning to play
A

universal precautions

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11
Q
  • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
    • Disposable gloves, gowns/aprons, masks/shields, eye protection
  • Wash hands and skin surfaces that came in contact with blood immediately with soap and water or antigermicide
A

personal precautions

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12
Q
  • Proper receptacles with Biohazard warning labels
  • Designated container for sharps disposal
  • Disinfectants, Bleach, Antiseptics
  • Contaminated surfaces cleaned with 1 part bleach to 10 parts water or with approved disinfectant
A

supplies and equipment

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13
Q
  • Towels and clothing should be separated from other laundryHot water with detergent that deactivates virusGloves should be worn while handling laundry
A

soiled laundry

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14
Q

trauma to tissue that causes break in the continuity of that tissue

  1. abrasions
  2. lacerations
  3. incisions
  4. puncture
  5. avulsion
A

wound

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15
Q

skin scraped against rough surface, exposes capillaries

A

abrasions

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16
Q

sharp or pointed object tears the tissue, jagged edge

A

lacerations

17
Q

blow has been delivered over sharp bone, smooth edges

A

incisions

18
Q
  • consider to be contaminated
  • must be cleans,medicated,and dressed
  • soap and water or sterile saline solution to clean initially(clean from inside to outside)
A

caring for skin wounds

19
Q

sterile dressing with topical antibiotic, ointment should be used and sutures decision should be made within 12 hours

A

wound care

20
Q
  • Pain
  • Heat
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Disordered function
  • Pus accumulation
  • Fever
  • Tetanus
    • Bacterial infesfljjfljlifnlinli
A

signs of wound infection

21
Q
  • incomplete fx
  • common in children and adolescents
A

greenstick fracture

22
Q

tensile forces cause a piece of bone to be pulled away

A

avulsion fracture

23
Q
  • fracture line crosses teh bone’s long axis
  • caused by a direct blow, shear force
A

transverse fracture

24
Q
  • fracture producing multiple pieces
  • caused by high velocity forces (bullriding)
  • often requires surgical fixation
A

comminuted= community fracture

25
Q
  • Open= possible severed artery
  • Closed=no wound
A

compound fracture

26
Q
  • caused by rotational forces (sno skiing)
  • fracture line creates an S shape along the shaft of the bone
A

spiral fracture

27
Q
  • caused by repetitive loading
  • dont show early the process on a xray
  • can become a different fx type
A

stress fracture

28
Q
  • ___ lay down new bone forming a callus while ___ absorb and reshape bone
  • long bones :6 wks
  • small bones: 3 wks
A

osteoblasts; osteoclasts

29
Q
  • complete disruption of a joint with at least one bone forced out of proper alignment
  • first time __ should be treated as a fracture(immobilized and reffered to MD)
A

dislocation

30
Q
  • partial dislocation
  • most commonly occuring in shoulders and patella(knee cap)
A

subluxations

31
Q
  • injury involving a joint
  • ligaments (tie bone to bone) are stretchced or torn
A

sprains

32
Q

injury involving the tendon

A

strains

33
Q

Grading(severity of injury)

  • 1degree- stretching of ligaments/tendons
  • 2degree- stretching with some tearing
  • 3degree- complete tearing
A

sprains/strains grading system

34
Q
  • crepitus= cracking sound made by the tendon sticking to the surround structure
  • tenosynovitis=inflammation of the tendon and synovial sheath(common in tendons of fingers)
A

overuse injuries

35
Q
  • medical term for bruise
  • can result in a hematoma(egg shaped swollen spot)
  • complications can lead to myositis ossificans which a calcium formation in muscle tissue usually in the quadriceps and biceps
A

contusion

36
Q
  • wearing down of hyaline cartilagte
  • causes pain and stiffness
  • more prevalent in the lumbar, hip, shoulder, and knee joints
  • symptoms present more in the morning
A

osteoarthritis

37
Q
  1. inflammation
  2. fibrolastic repair
  3. remodeling
A

3phases of healing

care/preventative athletic injury (7 decks)

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