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Pharmacology > Test 2- Atuonomic nervous System > Flashcards

Test 2- Atuonomic nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

The term cholinergic mean

A

Parasympathetic NS

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1
Q

The term adrenergic means

A

Sympathetic NS

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2
Q

3 catecholamines

A

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Dopamine

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3
Q

What is the imitating stimulus in SNS

A

Catecholamines

  • epinephrine
  • norepinephrine
  • dopamine
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4
Q

What is the halting stimulus in the SNS

A

Re uptake Pump
MAO enzyme
COMT enzyme
Liver metabolism

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5
Q

SNS receptors

A

Alpha
Beta

Generally we don’t care about alpha 2
Beta 1 is the cardiac one

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6
Q

What does alpha 1 do

A

Primary smooth muscle constriction
Vasoconstriction of coronary arteries, vasoconstriction of veins, decreased motility of smooth muscle of GI tract, glycogenolysis and gluconeogeneis from adipose tissue and liver

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7
Q

What does beta 1 do

A

Increase cardiac output

Increase renin release in kidneys

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8
Q

What does beta 2 do

A

Relaxes smooth muscles
Contract GI sphincters
Dilate arteries to skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle
Increase renin from kidneys

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9
Q

Can SNS drugs be both selective or activate multiple receptors?

A

Yes. Selective effect only beta or alpha receptor and activating multiple receptors is a general or non selective drug

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10
Q

Old drugs are more ______

New drugs are more ________

A

Old drugs are more general

New drugs are more selective

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11
Q

What do adrenergic agents do

A

Stimulates the SNS

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12
Q

Adrenergic agonist and sympathomimetics are considered

A

Adrenergic agents

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13
Q

Indications of adrenergic agents
Alpha 1:
Beta 1:
Beta 2:

A

Alpha 1: hypotension, nasal congestion
Beta 1: cardiac arrest, heart failure, shock
Beta 2: asthma, premature labor

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14
Q

Contraindications of adrenergic agents

A

Known allergy, severe hypertension

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15
Q

CNS and CV side effects to adrenergic agents

A

CNS: HA, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, and euphoria. (Hyped up)

CV: vasoconstriction, hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias

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16
Q

What is a Adrenergic Blocking Agent

A

Blocking sympathetic response

17
Q

Indications of Alpha 1 blockers and Beta 1 and Beta 2 blockers

A

Alpha 1 blockers: hypertension, BPH

Beta 1,2 blockers: angina, hypertension, dysrhythmias, migraines, glaucoma

18
Q

Initiating stimulus PSNS

A

Acetylcholine

19
Q

What do cholinergic agents do

A

Stimulate the parasympathetic response

20
Q

Halting stimulus PSNS

A

Cholinesterase

21
Q

Direct acting cholinergic agents mean

A

Act on receptors

22
Q

Indirect acting cholinergic agent means

A

Increase availability Ach by inhibiting cholinesterase; non selective

23
Q

Mechanism of action of cholinergic agents

A

SLUDGE
Salivation, lacrimation, urinary incontinence, diarrhea, GI cramping, and emesis

  • stimulate intestine and bladder
  • constriction of pupil(miosis), decrease IOP
  • constriction of bronchi and airways
24
Q

Indications of cholinergic agents

A

Reduce IOP
Treat various GI and bladder disorders
Diagnosis and tx of myasthenia gravis
Tx of Alzheimer’s disease

25
Q

Contraindications of cholinergic agents

A 
Drug allergy 
GI or GU obstruction 
Bradycardia 
COPD
hypotension
26
Q

Side effects of cholinergic agents

A

Overstimulation of PSNS

27
Q

Main side effect of anti-cholinergic agents

A

Drying

28
Q

What does a anti-cholinergic agent do

A

Blocking parasympathetic response

29
Q

Mechanisms of actions for anti-cholinergic agents

A

Pupils dilate, increased IOP
Decrease GI motility , GI secretions, saliva
Increase HR
Decreased bladder contraction= urinary retention
Reduce sweating
Dry mucous membranes
Prevents bronchial constriction

30
Q

Most harmful and contraindicated to an asthma patient

A

Beta blocker

31
Q

Decrease heart rate and BP

A

Beta blockers

32
Q

Most harmful and contraindicated to narrow angle glaucoma

A

Anti-cholinergics

33
Q

What medication type may be used in eye drops in order to decrease IOP

A

Cholinergic agents

34
Q

Propanolol, metoprolol, and atenolol are:

A

Beta blockers

35
Q

This neurotransmitter is a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal glands

A

Epinephrine

36
Q

What is a enzyme that destroys sympathetic neurotransmitters

A

Monoamine oxidase (MOA)

37
Q

“Beta blockers “ interact adversely (against) which types of agents?

A

Adrenergic agonists

38
Q

Cholinergic agents increase the availability of what neurotransmitter

A

Acetylcholine

39
Q

The best drug used for an acute asthma attack due to its bronchodilation activity would be:

A

Beta 2 agonist

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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