Pharmacological Principles

Question 0

Agonists

Answer 0

Drug that is capable of binding with receptors to induce a cellular response

Question 1

Affinity

Answer 1

Chemical attraction that impels certain molecules to unite with others to form complexes

Question 2

Antagonist

Answer 2

Drug that blocks the response of another drug

Question 3

Bioavailability

Answer 3

Ability of a drug to reach the bloodstream and it’s target tissues

Question 4

Botanical

Answer 4

Plant extract used to treat or prevent illness

Question 5

Pharmacologic Classification

Answer 5

Mechanism of organizing drugs on the basis or their mechanism of action

Question 6

Therapeutic classification

Answer 6

Method for organizing drugs on the basis of their clinical usefulness

Question 7

Combination drug

Answer 7

Drug product with more than one active generic ingredient

Question 8

Complementary and alternative therapies

Answer 8

Treatments considered outside the realm of conventional western medicine

Question 9

Controlled substance

Answer 9

In the us, a drug whose use is restricted by the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act; in Canada, a drug subject to guidelines outlined in the Canadian Narcotic Control Act

Question 10

Dependence

Answer 10

Strong physiological or psychological need for a substance

Question 11

Dietary supplement

Answer 11

Nondrug substance regulated by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA)

Question 12

Efficacy

Answer 12

The ability of a drug to produce a desired response

Question 13

Formulary

Answer 13

List of drug and drug recipes commonly used by pharmacists

Question 14

Generic name

Answer 14

Nonproprietary name of a drug assigned by the government

Question 15

Holistic

Answer 15

Viewing a person as an integrated biologic, psychosocial, cultural, communicating whole, exists ohm and functioning within the communal environment

Question 16

Loading dose

Answer 16

Comparatively large dose given at the beginning of a treatment to rapidly obtain the therapeutic effect of a drug

Question 17

Mechanism of action

Answer 17

The way in which a drug exerts its effects

Question 18

Pharmacopoeia

Answer 18

Medical reference indicating standards of drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis

Question 19

Pharmacogenetics

Answer 19

Area of pharmacology that examines the role of genetics in drug response

Question 20

Plasma half life (t 1/2)

Answer 20

The length of time required for the plasma concentration of a drug to decrease by half after administration

Question 21

Polypharmacy

Answer 21

The taking of multiple drugs concurrently

Question 22

Potency

Answer 22

The strength of a drug specified concentration or dose

Question 23

Receptor

Answer 23

The structural component of a cell which a drug binds in a dose-related manner, to produce a response

Question 24

Scheduled drug

Answer 24

In the United States, a term describing a drug placed into one of five categories based on its potential for misuse or abuse

Question 25

Teratogen

Answer 25

Drug or other agent that causes developmental birth defects

Question 26

Therapeutic index

Answer 26

The ratio of drugs LD50 to its ED50

Question 27

Therapeutic range

Answer 27

The dosage range or serum concentration that achieves the desired drug effects

Question 28

Toxic concentration

Answer 28

level of drug that will result in serious adverse effects

Question 29

Trade name

Answer 29

Proprietary name of a drug assigned by the manufacturer; also called the brand name or product name

Question 30

Withdraw

Answer 30

Physical signs of discomfort associated with the discontinuation of an abused substance

Question 31

OTC

Answer 31

Over the counter

Question 32

FDA

Answer 32

Food and Drug Administration

Question 33

Ophthalmic route

Answer 33

Used to treat local conditions of the eye and surrounding structures

Question 34

Otic route

Answer 34

Used to treat local conditions of the ear, including infections and soft blockages of the auditory canal

Question 35

Transdermal

Answer 35

The use of transdermal patches provides an effective means of delivering certain medications. Examples include nitroglycerin for angina pectoris and scopolamine for motion sickness