TEST 2 (ASD)

Question 1

Prevalence of ASD

Answer 1

1-88

Question 2

prevalence of autism in general

Answer 2

Autism is one of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD)
Autism affects 2-6/1,000 in U.S.
More prevalent in males 4:1

Question 3

Co-occurences

Answer 3

ID 50%
FRAGILE X 0-20%
MOTOR BEHAVIOR DEFICITS; repetitive movements..
UNUSUAL SENSORY BEHAVIOR
HEARING LOSS 1-80 children
SEIZURES 1/3

Question 4

ASD diagnosis

Answer 4

B4 age 3, 6 or more characteristics of disorder

WITH MINIMUM of 2 qualitative impairment of social interactions (communication+stereotyped)

Question 5

diagnosis, Disorder Characteristics

Answer 5

• IMPAIRED USE OF NON VERBAL BEHAVIORS 2 REGULATE INTERACTION (doesn’t wave)
• NO PEER RELATIONSHIP (no interest in friendships)
• DOESN’T SHARE OTHER’S INTEREST
• LACK SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL RECIPROCITY (doesn’t seek comfort)
• NO OR ABNORMAL PLAY (does not participate in simple games)

Question 6

Diagnosis -communication problem

Answer 6

• DELAY OR TOTAL LACK OF LANGUAGE
• CANT INITIATE/SUSTAIN TOPICS (doesn’t allow others to speak during monologues, hum
• STEREOTYPED LANGUAGE (echolalia, high pitch)
• NO IMITATIVE PLAY

Question 7

Diagnosis- behavior patterns

Answer 7

• PREOCUPATION ON STEREOTYPED PATTERN WITH HIGHER THAN NORMAL INTENSITY (lining up objects, SSN no, meteo)
• INFLEXIBLE TO DIFFERENT RITUALS (wants same routine)
• REPETITIVE MOTOR MANNERISM( hand twisting, spinning, rocking)
• VERY HIGH INTEREST IN OBJECTS

Question 8

PDD/ASD chart

Answer 8

Pervasive Developmental Disorders/ Autism Spectrum Disorders
AUTISTIC DISORDER
RETT DISORDER (MOTOR: trunk control, less strength, ataxic gait+ SPEECH: apraxia)
CHILDHOOD DISINTEGRATIVE DISORD.(normal development until 2, then replaced by PDD behaviors)
ASPERGER’S DISORDER )
PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL- NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED

Question 9

3 core features of ASD

Answer 9

1. Social impairment
2. Communicative impairment
3. Repetitive or highly restricted stereotyped behavior

Question 10

Asperger vs high functionning autism

Answer 10

Language is more developed, IQ normal or near normal, stereotyped and more than normal repetitive interests
considered the high functioning has to have average to near normal IQ, but it’s relative. Condition in which individuals, exhibit marked social and communicative deficits

Question 11

Puzzles pieces for ASD -6

Answer 11

Autism Spectrum Disorders
Socialization & Relatedness
Behaviors
Sensory
Communication & language
Thinking

Question 12

Socialization & Relatedness

Answer 12

Doesn’t understand “reciprocity”
Higher interest in objects than people during toddler years
Greater preference for being alone
Differences observed in eye contact during “social times”

Question 13

Communication and Language

Answer 13

Literal interpretation of language
Range from nonverbal or low verbal to high verbal (but odd/unusual)
Immediate and/or delayed echolalia
-Idiosyncratic Language: conventional words or phrases are used with unconventional meanings ex: go get pizza vs I am hungry
Neologism: a new word or words are coined
ex: she’s bawcet vs she is bossy

Question 14

Behaviors

Answer 14

Restricted interests, thoughts or ideas
Preference for routines or rituals (need for sameness).
Difficulty making transitions or handling changes
May be overly anxious

Question 15

Sensory

Answer 15

Sensory information may be processed differently
Poor “filtering mechanism” for incoming sensory information
Cannot modulate

Question 16

Thinking

Answer 16

Poor imitation skills
Problems connecting ideas (cause and effect, concept of finished, first  work then play)
 Disorganized
 Difficulty with sequencing
  Extreme problems with generalization