Test 2

Question 1

how many types of tissue are there? name them

Answer 1

4 types of tissues:

• Nervous
• Muscle
• Epithelial
• Connective

Question 2

what are the 3 shapes of epithelium tissue

Answer 2

• Squamous
• Cuboidal
• Columnar

Question 3

Epithelium tissue is vascular. True or false

Answer 3

False. Epithelium tissue is Avascular and supplied by surrounding nerve fiber

Question 4

where is simple squamous epithelium located

Answer 4

alveoli

Question 5

where is simple cuboidal epithelium located

Answer 5

Smallest ducts of glands and kidney tubules

Question 6

where is simple columnar epithelium located

Answer 6

In the digestive system for the excretion and absorption of mucous and enzymes

Question 7

what is the function of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 7

• Are present where protection from abrasion is important

Question 8

how many layer of pseudostratified epithelium are there

Answer 8

one

Question 9

what is the function of microvilli and where are the found

Answer 9

• increase absorption
• found in simple columnar epithelium

Question 10

where does endocrine secrete substances

Answer 10

on the inside of the body

Question 11

where does exocrine secrete substances

Answer 11

on the outside of the body. IE: sweat

Question 12

what do endocrine glands secrete and where to they secret it

Answer 12

• hormones into the interstitial fluid

Question 13

what are the major functions of connective tissue

Answer 13

• binding and support
• protecting
• insulating
• storing reserve fuel
• transporting substances (blood)

Question 14

what are the 4 main types of connective tissue

Answer 14

• Connective tissue proper
• Cartilage
• Bone
• Blood

Question 15

what are the 3 elements of connective tissue

Answer 15

• Ground substance
• Fibers
• Cells

Question 16

what type of fiber is the strongest

Answer 16

Collagen

Question 17

what is an example of dense regular connective tissue

Answer 17

• tendons
• Ligaments

Question 18

where is areolar tissue located

Answer 18

between other tissues

Question 19

what is an example of elastic connective tissue

Answer 19

aorta artery

Question 20

does cartilage heal slowly? why?

Answer 20

Cartilage heals slowly as it is avascular and does not receive many nutrients

Question 21

what is an example of fibrocartilage

Answer 21

interverbal disks

Question 22

what type of bone cell make up the matrix of bone

Answer 22

osteoblasts

Question 23

what type of bone cell MAINTAINS the matrix of bone

Answer 23

osteocytes/Lacunae

Question 24

what is phagocytosis

Answer 24

“cell eating”. when a cell engulfs a large particle

Question 25

what is pinocytosis

Answer 25

"cell drinking". when a sell engulfs extracellular fluid

Question 26

what is cell/receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 26

involves endocytosis and transcytosis of specific molecules -Selectively reducing the concentration of a particular enzyme in extracellular fluid

Question 27

what is the purpose of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 27

Lipid metabolism; cholesterol and steroid-based hormone synthesis; making lipids for lipoproteins

Question 28

what is the purpose of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

Site of synthesis of proteins

Question 29

what is the purpose of Ribosomes

Answer 29

Nonmembranous organelles that are site of protein synthesis

Question 30

what is the purpose of the cytoskeleton

Answer 30

Elaborate network of rods and proteins that support the cell

Question 31

what is the purpose of the nucleus

Answer 31

-contains the majority of the cells genetic material -It contains the blueprints to make new proteins and lipids

Question 32

what's the purpose of the Golgi apparatus

Answer 32

- Modifies, concentrates, sorts and packages proteins and lipids received from rough and smooth ER

Question 33

what's the purpose of peroxisomes

Answer 33

Membranous sacs containing powerful detoxifying substances that neutralize toxins

Question 34

what is transcription

Answer 34

-occurs in the nucleus -DNA is copied and the copy is called mRNA

Question 35

what is translation

Answer 35

-occurs in the cytoplasm -It is the process of making a new protein -mRNA sequence is used to determine the order of the new protein

Question 36

what are the 3 types of RNA

Answer 36

Messager RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 37

what is the purpose of mRNA

Answer 37

-It is the sequence for the order of amino acids -Code from DNA template strand is copied with complementary base pairs, resulting in a strand of mRNA -mRNA maintains the triplet code called a codon from DNA

Question 38

what is the purpose of synthetase enzymes

Answer 38

helps attach the correct amino acid to the tRNA

Question 39

what is the purpose of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 39

energy molecules

Question 40

what is the purpose of Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 40

-Carries one amino acid -Have a triplet code called the anticodon that allows each tRNA to carry only a specific amino acid -It brings amino acids to mRNA Process is referred to as translation

Question 41

what is the purpose of Ribosomal RNA ( rRNA)

Answer 41

-Structural component of ribosomes, the organelle where protein synthesis occurs -It is found inside the ribosome therefore it can be attached to endoplasmic reticulum